139- ELAEOCARPACEAE — I40. CHLAENACEAE 347 



ORDER MALVALES 



SUBORDER ELAEOCARPINEAE 

 FAMILY 139. ELAEOCARPACEAE 



Trees. Leaves undivided, stipulate. Flowers in axillary racemes, regular, 

 hermaphrodite or polygamous. Sepals 4 — 6, valvate in bud. Petals 4 — 6, hypo- 

 gynous, free, flat at the base, toothed or fringed at the apex, valvate in bud. 

 Stamens numerous, inserted upon a cushion-shaped receptacle. Filaments free. 

 Anthers linear, 2-celled, opening by a terminal pore. Ovary superior, 2 — 5- 

 celled. Ovules 2 or more in the inner angle of each cell, inverted, pendulous, 

 with ventral raphe, or one of them ascending. Style simple. Fruit a drupe 

 with a septate stone. Seeds albuminous ; embryo straight. (Under T I LI- 

 ACE AE.) 



Genus i, species 15. Madagascar, Mauritius, and Socotra. Elaeocarpus L. 



SUBORDER CHLAENINEAE 

 FAMILY 140. CHLAENACEAE 



Trees or shrubs, rarely chmbing. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, stipulate. 

 Flowers solitary or in panicles, regular, hermaphrodite, each flower or pair of 

 flowers usually surrounded by an involucre. Sepals 3 — 5, imbricate in bud. 

 Petals 5 — 6, free, hypogynous, with contorted aestivation. Disc ring- or cup- 

 shaped, rarely 5-parted or indistinct. Stamens 10 or more, inserted within 

 the disc or at its edge. Filaments free or united below with the disc, very 

 rarely in 5 bundles. Anthers roundish, opening by 2 sometimes confluent 

 longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 3-celled, with 2 or more ovules in each 

 cell. Style simple ; stigmas i or 3. Fruit a capsule or a nut. Seeds with a 

 leathery testa and copious albumen. — Genera 7, species 25. Madagascar. 

 (Under TERNSTROEMIACEAE.) (Plate 90.) 



1. Involucre large, calyx-like, 3 — lo-lobed or many-parted. Sepals 3. Disc 



cupular. Ovules 2 — 4 in each ovary-cell, pendulous 2 



Involucre not calyx-like, cither 2-parted or shortly cup-shaped or in- 

 distinct or wanting ; in the two former cases ovules numerous in each 

 ovary-cell. Stamens 12 or more 4 



2. Involucre consisting of mmierous densely crowded bracts, fleshy. Stamens 



numerous. Ovules 2 in each ovary-cell. Fruit a capsule. — Species 5. 

 Madagascar. Used medicinally. [Sarcolaena Thouars) 



Sarcochlaena Thouars 

 Involucre cup-shaped, lobed, dry 3 



3. Stamens 10. Ovules 2 in each ovary-cell. Involucre 6-toothed. Fruit 



a one-seeded nut. — • Species 7. Madagascar. {Leptolaena Thouars). 



(Plate 90.) Leptochlaena Thouars 



Stamens numerous. Fruit a capsule. - — Species 4. Madagascar. 



Xerochlamys Bak. 



