348 140. CHLAENACEAE — I4I. TILIACEAE 



4. Involucre cup-shaped, enlarged in fruit. Sepals 5, the two outer some- 



what smaller than the others. Disc consisting of 5 scales. Filaments 

 united in 5 bundles. Ovules many in each ovary-cell; descending. 

 Fruit a nut. — Species r. Madagascar. {Sclerolaena Bak., Xvloolaena 



Baill.) Xylochlaena Baill. 



Involucre of two bracts or rudimentary or wanting. Sepals 5, the two 

 outer much smaller than the others, or 3. Disc ring- or cup-shaped. 

 Filaments not united in bundles 5 



5. Ovules many in each ovary-cell, descending. Involucre enclosing two 



flowers, usually consisting of two laciniatc bracts enlarged in fruit. 



Sepals 3. Disc cup-shaped. Fruit a capsule splitting to the base. — 



Species 5. Madagascar. {Schizolaena Thouars). Schizochlaena Thouars 



Ovules few in each ovary-cell. Involucre rudimentary or wanting. . 6 



6. Ovules axile, descending. Outer stamens inserted on the inside of the 



disc. Fruit a capsule dehiscing at the top only. — Species 4. Madagas- 

 car. {Rhodolaena Thouars) Rhodochlaena Thouars 



Ovules basal, ascending. Sepals 5. Outer stamens inserted at the edge 

 of the ring-shaped disc. Stigma 3-Iobed. — Species i. Madagascar. 

 {Eyemolaena Baill.) Eremochlaena Baill. 



SUBORDER MALVINEAE 



FAMILY 141. TILIACEAE 



Leaves toothed or lobed, more rarely entire or deeply divided. Stipules 

 present. Flowers regular. Calyx valvate in bud. Petals entire or notched 

 at the apex, larelv {Grcim'a) wanting. Stamens hypogynous, 10 or more, 

 rarely 5^ — 9, free or united in 4 — 10 bundles. Anthers 2-cened, the cells some- 

 times confluent at the top. Ovary superior, completely or almost completely 

 2- or more-celled, rarely {Christiania) deeply divided. — Genera 18, species 260. 

 (Plate 91.) 



1. Sepals combined into an entire, crenate, or 2 — 6-lobed caly.x. Petals 



with contorted aestivation. Stamens numerous, .\nthers roundish, 

 opening by usually confluent, longitudinal slits. Style 4— 5-parted or 

 wanting. Ovules i — 2 in each ovary-cell. Trees or shrubs. Leaves 

 cordate. Flowers panicled. [Tribe BROWN LOWIEAE.] ... 2 

 Sepals free or nearly so. Anthers opening by separate slits or by pores. 

 Style simple 4 



2. Ovarv 2-celled, with i ovule in each cell. Stigma sessile, petal-like, lobed. 



Calyx 2 — 3-lobed. Flowers dioecious. Fruit 4-winged. — • Species 



2. East Africa and Madagascar Carpodiptera Gris. 



Ovary 4 — 6-celled. Styles 4 — 6, free or united at the base 3 



3. Flowers dioecious or polygamous. Calyx 3 — 4-lobed. Filaments united 



at the base. Ovary 5 — 6-parted. Stigmas horizontal, laciniate. 

 Fruit with one-seeded cells. — Species 2. Tropics. Christiania DC. 



