350 141- TILIACEAE — I42. MALVACEAE 



12. Petals 4, whitf, sliorter than the calyx. Filaments united in 4 bundles. 



Anthers with a two-tipped appendage. Ovary ()-celled. Fruit globular, 

 spiny.— Species 2. \\'est Africa. (Including .4o'yst'/)c////;// Pierre). 



Ancistrocarpus Oliv. 

 Petals 4—5, yellow, e(]ualling the calyx. Filaments almost free. Anthers 

 with a scale-like appendage. Ovary 8 — lo-celled. Fruit spindle- 

 shaped, many-celled. — Species 5. Tropics. Some are used for dyeing 

 and in medicine Glyphaea Hook. fil. 



13. Staminodes 5 or more. Shrubs or trees 14 



Staminodes none 17 



14. Staminodes 5, within the stamens. Anthers ending in a short point. 



Petals 5, white. Ovary 5-celled with 2 ovules in each cell. Stigma 

 5-parted. Leaves undivided, oblong or oval. — Species 3. Central 



Africa Cistanthera K. Schum. 



Staminodes numerous, outside the stamens. Ovary 4 — 6-celled, with 3 or 

 more ovules in each cell 15 



15. Fertile stamens 7 — 10. Anthers linear. Petals 4 — 5, ^•iolet. Fruit 



oblong, prickly, not winged. — Species 3. West Africa to the Great 



Lakes. They yield fibre Honckenya Willd. 



Fertile stamens numerous. Petals 4, white or yellow 16 



16. Petals white. Ovary 4-celled. Fruit globose, prickly. — Species 6. 



South and East Africa and Madagascar. S. ajricana L. is used as an 

 ornamental, medicinal, and textile plant. . . . Sparmannia L. f. 

 Petals yellow. Ovary 5 — 6-celled. Fruit oblong, with bristly riUate 

 wings. — Species i. Equatorial West Africa. Yields fibre. 



Cephalonema K. Schum. 



17. Stem woody, shrubby. Leaves 6 — 7-parted. Sepals united at the base. 



bearing a small horn at the top. Petals 5, notched at the top or minutely 

 toothed, shorter than the sepals. Stamens very numerous. Ovary 5 — 6- 

 celled with 2 ovules in each cell. — Species i. East Africa. 



Ceratosepalum Oliv. 

 Stem herbaceous or woody at the base only. Leaves uncHvided. Sepals 

 free. Petals yellow. Ovary 2 — 5-celled, with more than 2 ovules in 

 each cell. Fruit more or less c4ongate, not prickly. — ■ Species 30. 

 Tropical and South Africa and Egypt ; one species also cultivated in other 

 parts of North Africa. Some of them yield fibre (jute), vegetables, and 

 medicaments Corchorus L. 



FAMILY 142. MALVACEAE 



Leaves simple, stipulate. Calyx valvate in bud. Petals 5, adhering to the 

 staminal tube, with contorted aestivation. Stamens numerous ; filaments 

 united into a tube ; anthers i-celled ; pollen-grains large, prickly. Ovary 

 superior, sessile, 3- or more-celled, or many distinct ovaries. Ovules inverted. 

 Seeds albuminous ; embryo curved. — Genera 21, species 300. (Plate 92.) 



