376 l6l. PASSlFI.ORACEAIi: — 162. ACHARIACEAL 



7. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx-tube saucer-shaped. Corona triple. Style 

 3-cleft. Herbs or undershrubs. Flowers in 2 — 3-flowered cymes. — 

 Species 15. Central and South Africa. (Including Basananthe Pcyr.) 



Tryphostemma Harv. 

 Flowers unisexual, rarely hermaphrodite or polygamous, but then without 

 a corona. Petals 4 — 6. Corona simple, double, or wanting. Leaves 

 with I — 3 glands at the base. — Species 40. Tropical and South 

 Africa. Some are poisonous, others have edible fruits or are used in 

 medicine. {Modecca Lam., including Echinothammis Engl., Jaeggia 

 Schinz, KcramantJms Hook, fil., Ophiocaulon Hook, fil., and Paschanthus 

 Burch.) (Plate 106.) Adenia Forsk. 



FAMILY 162. ACHARIACEAE 



Herbs or undershrubs. Leaves alternate, undivided or lobed, without 

 stipules. Flowers regular, 3 — 5-merous, monoecious, solitary or fascicled, 

 axillary, the male sometimes in racemes. Sepals free, at least in the female 

 flowers, imbricate or open in bud. Petals united below, imbricate in bud. 

 Stamens as many as and alternating with the corolla-lobes, affixed to the 

 corolla. Anthers adnate, opening inwards. Receptacle produced into a 

 corona formed of 3 — 5 scales which are inserted at the base of the corolla 

 and alternate with the stamens. Ovary superior, sessile or short-stalked, 

 i-celled, with 3 — 5 parietal placentas bearing 2 or more inverted ovules 

 each. Style 3 — lo-cleft. Fruit a capsule. Seeds with a sometimes adnate aril, 

 a pitted or wrinkled testa, a copious albumen, and a straight embryo. — 

 Genera 3, species 3. South Africa. (Under PASSI FLORACEAE.) 



1. Stem twining. Leaves 5 — 7-lobed. Flowers 4 — 5-merous, the male in 



racemes, the female solitary. Sepals of the male llowers linear. Stamens 

 inserted at the base of the corolla. Anthers cohering. Corona formed 

 of linear or oblong scales. Ovary short-stalked, oblong. Style-branches 

 twice as many as placentas. Fruit linear. Aril adnate to the wrinkled 



testa. — Species i. South Africa Ceratiosicyos Nees 



Stem erect or underground. Leaves 3-lobed or undivided. Flowers 

 solitar}^ or fascicled. Stamens inserted in the tube or at the throat 

 of the corolla. Aril free from the pitted testa 2 



2. Aboveground stem erect or ascending, woody at the base. Leaves 3- 



lobed. Flowers 3 — 4-merous. Sepals oblong or ovate, free. Anthers 

 with a broad connective. Ovary sessile, subglobose. Ovules few, 

 usually 6 — 8. Style-branches twice as many as placentas. — Species i. 



Cape Colony. Acharia Tlmnb. 



Aboveground stem wanting. Leaves undivided. Flowers solitary, 5- 

 merous. Sepals linear, adnate to the corolla. Stamens inserted at the 

 throat of the corolla. Anthers with a narrow connective. Ovary 

 short-stalked, oblong. Ovules numerous. Style-branches as many as 

 placentas. Fruit elliptical. — Species i. Cape Colony. 



Guthriea Bolus 



