173- LYTHKACEAE — I74. SONNLKATIACEAE 385 



Madagascar. They yield tanninp: and dycint^ materials and serv(.' as 

 ornamental plants Woodfordia Salisb. 



Calyx-tube campanulate or cupular. Ovary very incompletely 3 — 4- 

 celled. Fruit opening transversely. Seeds with a thick wing. Flowers 

 solitary or in pairs in the leaf-axils. — Species 2. Madagascar and 



East Africa. They serve as vegetables Pemphis Forst. 



9. (i.) Stamens 5^ — 6, opposite to the petals and adnate to their base. Calyx- 

 tube expanded. Sepals lanceolate. Ovary 2-celled. Ovules in a 

 single row. Low trees. Flowers in panicles. — Species i. South-east 

 Africa (Natal) Rhynchocalyx Oliv. 



Stamens 4 — 23, inserted below the petals, or petals wanting. 0\'ulcs in two 

 or more rows. Herbs, undershrubs, or shrubs lo 



10. Calyx-tube top- or saucer-shaped, without appendages. Sepals 4. Sta- 



mens inserted near the petals, singly or in clusters of 2 — 3 opposite the 

 sepals. Fruit bursting irregularly or remaining closed. Seed-coat 

 with a spongy thickening at the top. Shrubs. Leaves opposite. Flowers 

 in panicles. — Species i (L. inermis L.). Tropical and North Africa. 

 Yields a dye (henna) and is used in perfumery and medicine. (Including 



Rotaniha Bak.) Lawsonia L. 



Calyx-tube bell-, urn-, or cup-shaped. Sepals 4 — 8. Stamens remote 

 from the petals, or petals wanting. Fruit opening by 4 valves or by a lid. 

 Seed-coat not specially thickened. Flowers in cymes or umbels. . 1 1 



11. Calyx-tube winged. Sepals 4. Petals none. Stamens 4, alternating 



with the sepals. Anthers finally kidney-shaped. Fruit opening by 

 4 valves. Style persisting upon the placentas. Shrubs. Leaves 

 opposite. Flowers in axillary, 2 — 4-flowered umbels. — Species i. 



Island of Mauritius Tetrataxis Hook. f:l. 



Calyx-tube not winged. Fruit at first opening by a small lid, later crt 

 splitting towards the base. Style persisting upon a valve or falling off. 

 Herbs, undershrubs, or low shrubs. Flowers in sometimes head-like 

 cymes. — Species 40. Tropical and South Africa. (Plate no.) 



Nesaea Comm. 

 FAMILY 174. SONNERATIACEAE 

 Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire, not dotted, without stipules 

 Flowers solitary, without bracteoles, regular. Sepals 6 — 7, fleshy, \alvate in 

 bud. Petals 6—7, linear, occasionally wanting. Stamens numerous, peri- 

 gynous. Inlaments bent inwards in the bud. Anthers fixed by the back, 

 kidney-shaped, opening inwards by longitudinal slits. Ovary almost superior, 

 with 10 — 20 somewhat incomplete cells not reaching the top. Ovules very 

 numerous, attached to the partitions, inverted. Style simple ; stigma cniife. 

 Fruit succulent, indehiscent or bursting irregularly. Seeds curved, exalbumin- 

 ous, with a hard coat and a straight embryo. {BLATTIACEAE, under 

 LYTHRACEAE.) 



Genus I, species I. East Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands. Yields 

 ediblefruits, condiments, and medicaments. (ß/fl//iiAdans.) SonneratiaL.f. 



2B 



