205- VERBENACEÄE 469 



14. Fruit separating into 2 usually two-celled mericarps, enveloped by the 

 enlarged and more or less inflated calyx. — Species i. East and South 

 Africa. [Tribe PRIVEAE.] Priva Adans. 



Fruit separating into 4 one-celled mericarps, surrounded by the not or 

 scarcely enlarged calyx. — Species 4, two of them natives of North and 

 East Africa and naturalized in other regions, the others naturalized in 

 various countries. They are used as ornamental and medicinal plants 

 and for preparing an aromatic oil. " Vervain." [Tribe EUVERBEN- 



EAE.] Verbena L. 



5. (i.) Ovules pendulous from the top of a free, central, 4-winged placenta, 

 straight. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla white or yellow, nearly equally 

 4-cleft. Stamens 4. Anthers exserted. Fruit dehiscing by 2 valves, 

 one-seeded. Shrubs or trees. — Species 2. Shores of tropical and 

 South-east Africa and Egypt. They yield timber, tanning material, 

 and medicaments. [Subfamily AVICENNIOIDEAE.] Avicennia L. 



Ovules parietal or axile, laterally attached, half-inverted. Fruit dehiscing 

 by 4 valves or indehiscent, usually separating into mericarps. . . 16 



16. Fruit a 4-vaIved capsule. Ovary incompletely 4-celled. Style divided 



into 2 awl-shaped branches. Stamens 4. Anther-halves spreading 

 horizontally. Shrubs or trees. Leaves with 7 leaflets. — Species i. 

 Madagascar. [Subfamily CARYOPTERIDOIDEAE.] Varangevillea Baill. 

 Fruit a drupe, a nut, or a schizocarp, indehiscent or separating into meri- 

 carps 17 



17. Ovary completely or incompletely 2-celled. Ovules 2. Stamens 4. 



Anther-halves parallel, with an appendage at the base. Calyx 10- 

 ribbed, 5-toothed. Fruit i — 2-celled, indehiscent, i — 2-seeded. Seeds 

 albuminous. Herbs. Flowers solitary or in false spikes. [Subfamily 



CHLOANTHOIDEAE, tribe ACHARITEAE.] 18 



Ovary completely or incompletely 4-celled. Ovules 4. Fruit 2 — 4-celled 

 or separating into 2 — 4 mericarps. Seeds exalbuminous. Shrubs or 

 trees. [Subfamily VITICOIDEAE.] 19 



18. Calyx distinctly enlarged in the fruit. Corolla 4-lobed ; tube included. 



Anthers included. Stigma entire. Fruit with a thin rind, i-celled or 

 unequally 2-celled. Flowers in false spikes, i — 3 in each bract. — 



Species 2. Madagascar Acharitea Benth. 



Calyx scarcely or not enlarged in the fruit. Corolla 5-lobed ; tube exserted. 

 Anthers slightly exserted. Fruit with a somewhat fleshy rind, incom- 

 pletely 2-celled. Flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 — 5 in the axils 

 of the leaves. — Species i. Island of Rodrigues. . Nesogenes A. DC. 



19. Flowers regular. Stamens4 — 6, equal. Fruit adrupe. Leaves undivided. 20 

 Flowers more or less irregular. Stamens 4, in two pairs of unequal length. 21 



20. Flowers 4-merous. Calyx shortly toothed, unchanged in fruit. Stamens 



inserted on the upper part of the corolla-tube. Fruit with 3 — 4 stones. 

 Shrubs. Leaves toothed. Cymes axillary. — Species i. Island of 

 Reunion. [Tribe CALLICARPEAE.] . . . Callicarpa L. 



