486 208. SCROPHULARARIACEAE 



22. Anthers of the lower (anterior) stamens i-celled, those of the upper 



stamens with a fertile cell opening by a longitudinal slit and a spur-like 

 sterile cell. Corolla nearly regular. Mostly shrubs. — Species i. East 



Africa (Somaliland) Ghikaea Schweinf. & Volk. 



Anthers of the lower stamens with a cleft connective bearing at one end a 

 fertile cell, which opens by an apical pore, and at the other a disc-like 

 appendage ; those of the upper stamens i-celled. Corolla 2-lipped. 

 Herbs or undershrubs. — Species 7. East Africa. 



Pseudosopubia Engl. 



23. Anthers with a minute, nearly imperceptible barren cell. Corolla violet ; 



tube slightly exceeding the calyx. Calyx enlarged in the fruit. Stem 

 erect, with spreading branches. Leaves undivided. ■ — Species i. 



Southern West Africa Hiernia S. Moore 



Anthers, at least those of the shorter stamens, with a distinctly developed 

 barren cell 24 



24. Barren anther-cells of the longer stamens minute, nearly imperceptible, of 



the shorter awn- or worm-shaped. Corolla pink or violet ; tube exceed- 

 ing the calyx. Calyx enlarged and inflated in the fruit. Chmbing 

 undershrubs. — Species 2. Central and South-east Africa. 



Buttonia Mac Ken 



Barren anther-cells distinctly developed in all stamens, but sometimes 



unequal in length. Calyx scarcely changed in fruit. Herbs. . . 25 



25. Anthers cohering all together or in pairs. Corolla funnel-shaped, with a 



broad limb. Stem erect. — Species 25. Tropical and South Africa. 



Sopubia Hamilt. 



Anthers free. Corolla more or less bell-shaped, with a rather narrow 



limb 26 



26. Corolla-tube exceeding the calyx. Stem climbing. Leaves undivided, 



broad, coarsely toothed. — Species i. West Africa. 



Thunbergianthus Engl. 



Corolla-tube equalling the calyx. Stem erect. Leaves pinnately divided. 



— Species i. Southern West Africa (Angola). Baumia Engl. & Gilg 



27. (17.) Corolla-tube short, about equalling the calyx 28 



Corolla-tube long, distinctly exceeding the calyx 30 



28. Calyx becoming woody in the fruit. Anthers exserted, with unequal 



halves. Undershrubs. — Species i. Island of Socotra. 



Xylocalyx Balf. 

 Calyx not woody in the fruit. Herbs 29 



29. Calyx scarcely changed in the fruit. Capsule 4-valved. Non-parasitic 



plants. Stem thin. Leaves linear. Inflorescence lax. — Species 3. 

 Tropics. (Including Gerardianella Klotzsch). . Micrargeria Benth. 

 Calyx more or less enlarged and inflated in the fruit ; if but slightly changed, 

 then parasitic plants with thick stems and usually broad or scale-hke 

 leaves. — Species 30. Tropical and South Africa. (Including Alectra 

 Thunb. and Velvilsia Hiern) Melasma Berg 



