2l6. ACANTHACEAE 503 



3. Flowers solitary, axillary. Leaves ovate. Corolla-tube curved, gibbous 

 below. Fruit globose. — Species i. West Africa (Congo). 



Gilletiella De Wild. & Dur. 

 Flowers in axillary clusters or in terminal racemes. Leaves oblong. — 



Species 2. Madagascar Monachochlamys Bak. 



4.^Funtcles short and thick, without a distinct outgrowth. Seeds and ovules 

 2 in each cell. Seeds globular, with a lateral hilum. Fruit beaked at 

 the apex. Stamens 4 ; anthers 2-celled. Corolla nearly regular, with 

 contorted aestivation. Calyx enclosed by two large bracteoles. 

 Leaves not dotted with cystoliths. Shrubs or climbing herbs. [Sub- 

 family THUNBERGIOIDEAE.] 5 



Funicles with a large hook-shaped or a small tubercle-shaped outgrowth ; 

 in the latter case seeds and ovules 6 or more in each cell 6 



5. Anthers opening by pores. Stigma two-lobed. Calyx truncate. Corolla 



shghtly two-lipped. Flowers in racemes. Climbing shrubs. — Species 

 2. Madagascar and southern East Africa. (Under Thimbergia L. i.) 



Pseudocalyx Radlk. 



Anthers opening by longitudinal slits. — Species 100. Tropical and 



South Africa. .Some are used as ornamental plants. (Including 



Hexacentris Nees) Thunbergia L. f. 



6. Funicles small, with a minute wart-like outgrowth. Seeds and ovules 6 



or more in each cell. Seeds globose, with a lateral hilum, albuminous. 

 Fruit beaked, rarely only pointed at the apex. Calyx unequally 4 — 5- 

 parted. Corolla obscurely 2-hpped, with imbricate, not contorted 

 aestivation. Anthers 2-celled. Disc indistinct. Herbs. Leaves not 

 dotted with cystoliths. Flowers in spikes. [Subfamily NELSONIOI- 



DEAE.] 7 



Funicles with a distinct hook-shaped outgrowth, rarely {Synnema) 

 thickened with an obscure outgrowth, but then corolla with contorted 

 aestivation and leaves dotted with cystoliths. Seeds with a basal or 

 subbasal hilum, exalbuminous, usually flat. Fruit usually prolonged 

 into a stalk at the base, rarely beaked at the top. [Subfamily 

 ACANTHOIDEAE.] 9 



7. Sepals 5, unequal, almost free. Stamens 4. Ovules in each cell numerous, 



in 3 — 4 rows. Fruit not distinctly beaked. — Species i. Central 



Africa. {Ebermaiera Nees, Zenkerina Engl.) . . . Staurogyne Wall. 



Sepals 5, two of them united nearly to the top. Stamens 2. Ovules in 



each cell 6 — 10, in two rows. Fruit beaked 8 



8. Flowers with bracteoles. Stalk of the inflorescence covered v\dth im- 



bricate bracts. Leaves radical or alternate. Stem erect, usually very 

 short. — Species i. Central Africa. {Tnbiflora Gmel.) 



Elytraria Vahl 



Flowers without bracteoles. Stalk of the inflorescence without bracts or 



wanting. Leaves opposite. Stem procumbent or ascending. — 



Species i. Tropics Nelsonia R. Br. 



