504 2l6. ACANTHACEAE 



9. Corolla with contorted aestivation. Anthers 2-celled. Seeds usually 



hairy 10 



Corolla with imbricate, not contorted aestivation. Seeds usually gla- 

 brous 40 



10. Corolla distinctly I- or 2-lipped 11 



Corolla nearly regular 17 



11. Fertile stamens 2. Corolla-tube long and thin. Fruit contracted into a 



stalk. Seeds 2 in each cell. Flowers in panicles. — Species i. Equator- 

 ial East Africa (Uganda) Eranthemum L. 



Fertile stamens 4, rarely 2, but then, as usually, seeds more than 2 in 

 each cell of the fruit. Ovules 4 or more in each ovary-cell. [Tribe 

 HYGROPHILEAE.] 12 



12. Corolla i-lipped, 5-lobed ; tube cyhndrical. Calyx equally 5-toothed. 



Stamens 4. Anthers not spurred. Ovules 4 — 8 in each cell of the ovary. 

 Shrubs. Flowers in panicles. — Species 5. Central Africa. Some 

 of them yield fish-poison or serve as ornamental plants. (Including 



Eremomastax Lindau) Paulowilhelmia Höchst. 



Corolla 2-lipped 13 



13. Fertile stamens 2 ; the anterior stamens sterile. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 



red or violet ; tube short, with a transverse fold. Ovules numerous. 

 Herbs or undershrubs. Flowers in panicles, racemes, or spikes. — 

 Species 20. Tropics. Some are used as ornamental plants. 



Brillantaisia Beauv. 

 Fertile stamens 4, rarely 2, but then the posterior stamens sterile or want- 

 ing 14 



14. Funicles of the seeds with an indistinct, cushion-shaped outgrowth. Ovules 



numerous. Stamens 2 — 4. Calyx 5-partite. Flowers solitary or in 

 axillary cymes. Herbs. — Species 6. Central Africa. [Cardanthera 



Ham.) Synnema Benth. 



Funicles of the seeds with a distinct, hook-shaped outgrowth. Stamens 4, 

 approximate in pairs, each decurrent upon a common fold. ... 15 



15. Stem woody. Flowers in axillary cymes. Calyx equally 5-partite. 



Anthers spurred, rarely only pointed at the base. Ovules 4 — 6 in each 



cell of the ovary. — Species 4. East Africa. Mellera S. Moore 



Stem herbaceous. Anthers not spurred 16 



16. Flowers in axillary clusters, intermixed with spines. Calyx 4-partite. 



Ovules 4 — 6 in each ovary-cell. — Species 2. Central Africa. Used for 

 making salt. (Under Hygrophila R. Br.) , . Asteracantha Nees 

 Flowers solitary or in spineless clusters or panicles. — Species 20. Tropical 

 and South Africa. Some are used medicinally. (Including Nomaphila 

 Blume) Hygrophila R. Br. 



17. (10) Fruit distinctly compressed from front to back, contracted into a 



short stalk, 2 — 4-seeded. Ovules i — 2 in each ovary-cell. Stamens 4, 

 united in pairs and decurrent at the base. [Tribe PETALIDIEAE.] i& 



