224- CAMPANULACEAE 540 



Ovules many in each cell, attached to the inner angle. Flowers red, in 

 heads. Leaves ovate. Shrubs. — Species i. South Africa. 



Rhigiophyllum Höchst. 



13. Anthers cohering at the base. Petals free or nearly so. Ovary 2-celIed. 



Fruit opening loculicidally at the top. Flowers in heads surrounded by 



an involucre. — Species 4. North Africa Jasione L. 



Anthers free r^i 



14. Ovules 4, basal. Ovary i-celled, sometimes incompletely 2-cclled. Corolla 



tubular-funnel-shaped. Fruit dry, indehiscent, i-, rarely 2 — 4-seeded. 

 Undershrubs. Flowers solitary, axillary. — Species 4. South Africa. 



Merciera A. DC. 

 Ovules axile, usually numerous. Ovary 2 — lo-celled 15 



15. Fruit a roundish berry. Flowers solitary, terminal, large, nearly always 



6-merous. Corolla bell-shaped, yellow or red. Filaments broadened 

 at the base. Leaves opposite, the lower whorled. — Species 3. East 

 Africa and Canary Islands. They yield edible roots and fruits and 



serve as ornamental plants Canarina L. 



Fruit a capsule, rarely a nut. Flowers usually 5-merous 16 



16. Fruit narrow, opening by an apical lid and sometimes also by lateral slits, 



more rarely remaining closed. Ovary 2-celled. 17 



Fruit opening by apical valves or by lateral valves, slits, or pores. . . 18 



17. Flowers in terminal heads. Corolla tubular. Ovary ovoid. — Species 



I. South Africa. {Leptocodon Sond.) Treichelia Vatke 



Flowers terminal and solitary, or in lateral glomerules. Ovary oblong. — 

 Species 15. South Africa. Some are used as ornamental plants. 



Roella L. 



18. Fruit opening by lateral, but sometimes nearly apical ^'alves, slits, or 



pores 19 



Fruit opening loculicidally at the apex, usually broad 22 



19. Fruit narrow, opening by pores or slits 20 



Fruit broad, opening by valves 21 



20. Fruit opening by long slits. Ovary 2-celled. Corolla funnel-shaped or 



narrowly bell-shaped. — Species 20. South Africa. 



Prismatocarpus L'Her. 

 Fruit opening by short slits or pores. Ovary 3-celled. Corolla wheel- 

 shaped or broadly bell-shaped. — Species 4. North Africa. Thev 

 serve as ornamental plants ; the root is edible. " Venus's looking- 

 glass." Specularia Heist. 



21. Corolla tubular. Ovary 2 — 3-celled. Style projecting far beyond the 



corolla. Flowers in panicles. — Species i. North-west Africa. Used 

 as an ornamental plant ; the root is edible. . . Trachelium L. 

 Corolla bell- or funnel-shaped. Ovary 3 — 5-celled. Style not or slightly 

 projecting beyond the corolla. — Species 25 North Africa and northern 

 Central Africa. Several species are used as vegetables or as medicinal 

 or ornamental plants Campanula L. 



