226. COMPOSITAE 553 



76. Involucral bracts blunt. Flowers all hermaphrodite. Pappus of several 



rows of bristles. — Species 13. Central Africa. . . Pleiotaxis Steetz 

 Involucral bracts pointed 77 



77. Heads with all the flowers hermaphrodite, but the marginal flowers with 



a 2-lipped corolla. Fruits hairy. Pappus of feathery bristles. Shrubs 

 with thick branches. Leaves leathery. Heads very large, red-flowered. 



— Species 3. South Africa Oldenburgia Less. 



Heads either with all the flowers hermaphrodite and equal-shaped, or with 



neuter marginal flowers. Leaves herbaceous. — Species 35. Tropical 

 and South Africa. Some species are used medicinally. (Including 

 Brachyachaenium Bak. and Hochstetteria DC.) . . . Dicoma Cass. 



78. (71.) Receptacle bearing chaffy scales between the flowers, at least towards 



the margin 79 



Receptacle without scales between the flowers, glabrous or hairy. . .114 



79. Heads with all the flowers hermaphrodite 80 



Heads with the central flowers hermaphrodite or male, the marginal 



female or neuter 85 



80. Pappus of 3 — 4 minute teeth or ring-shaped or wanting 81 



Pappus of bristles or lacerated scales 82 



^i. Fruits slightly flattened. Involucral bracts scarious. Flower-heads col- 

 lected in compound heads. — Species 3. East Africa. . PolyclJne Oliv. 

 Fruits 4-angled. Involucral bracts united below, hardening after the time 

 of flowering. Flower-heads solitary, terminal. — Species 3. North 

 Africa Anvillea DC. 



82. Pappus of 5 lacerated scales. Heads in corymbs. Leaves mostly 3-lobed, 



— Species i. Southern West Africa (Damaraland). 



Eenia Hi em & Moore 

 Pappus of bristles 83 



83. Pappus-bristles in two rows, not feathery. Fruits hair3\ Involucral 



bracts pungent. Heath-like shrubs. — Species i. South Africa. 



Lachnospermuro Willd. 



Pappus-bristles in one row. Involucral bracts scarious. Not heath-Hke 



plants 84 



84. Pappus-bristles feathery from the base. — Species 15. South Africa. 



Some are used as ornamental plants Helipterum DC. 



Pappus-bristles feathery only at the tip or not feathery. — Species 300. 

 Some of them are used as medicinal or ornamental plants (" ever- 

 lastings "). {Elichrysum Gaertn., including Aphelexis Don). 



Helichrysum Gaertn. 



85. (79.) Corolla of the marginal flowers strap-shaped 86 



Corolla of the marginal flowers thread-shaped T02 



86. Style-branches of the hermaphrodite flowers blunt or rounded, with the 



marginal rows of stigmatic papillae confluent at the tip. Disc-flowers 

 hermaphrodite, fertile, yellow ; ray-flowers yellow or white. [Tribe 

 INULEAE, subtribe buphthalminae.] 87 



