566 226. COMPOSITAE 



Leucanthemum DC, Monoptera Schultz, Myconia Neck., Pinardia Cass., 

 Plagius L'Her., Preauxia Schultz, Prolongoa Boiss., Pyrethruni Gaertn.. 

 and Tanacetum L.) Chrysanthemum L. 



220. Corolla of the hermaphrodite (male) flowers 2 — 4-toothed, of the female 



2 — 3-toothed, entire, or wanting. Involucral bracts in two rows. 



Herbs. Flowers yellow 221 



Corolla of the hermaphrodite (male) flowers 5-toothed, of the female 2—4- 

 toothed 222 



221. Heads sessile between the leaves. Female flowers in several rows, without 



a corolla. Outer fruits winged, with a persistent style. Leaves divided. 



— Species i. Naturalized in the Island of Madeira. Soliva Ruiz & Pav. 



Heads stalked, at the ends of the branches. (See 216.) Cotula L. 



222. Heads in corymbs. Involucral bracts in two rows. Fruits with marginal 



ribs or wings. Herbs or undershrubs. — Species 4. South Africa. 



Used medicinally Hippia L. 



Heads not in corymbs. Involucral bracts in several rows. Fruits with- 

 out strong ribs. — Species 20. Some of them (especially A. Absinthium 

 L., wormwood) are used as ornamental or medicinal plants, as pot-herbs, 

 or for preparing liquors and vinegar Artemisia L. 



223. (213.) Pappus of I or 2 rows of bristles 224 



Pappus, at least that of the outer fruits, of 3 or more rows of bristles. 233 



224. Pappus-bristles feathery 225. 



Pappus-bristles not feathery 226 



225. Corolla of all flowers yellow. Small shrubs. — Species i. South Africa. 



Homochroma DC. 

 Corolla of the marginal flowers white or red, of the central ones yellow. 

 Herbs or undershrubs. — Species 13. South Africa. Used as orna- 

 mental plants Mairia Nees 



226. Involucral bracts in one row, sometimes surrounded by some much 



shorter ones. Herbs or undershrubs. Heads in corymbs or pan- 

 icles 227 



Involucral bracts in two rows and all nearly of the same size, or in 3 or 

 more rows 228 



227. Involucral bracts united at the base. Style of the hermaphrodite (male) 



flowers undivided. Inner fruits without a pappus. — Species 3. South 



Africa Gymnodiscus Less. 



Involucral bracts free. Style cleft. — Species 45. Southern and tropical 

 Africa Cineraria L. 



228. Corolla of the female marginal flowers thread-shaped. Herbs. Heads 



solitary on the ends of the branches. Style of the central flowers entire 



or shortly toothed 229 



Corolla of the female marginal flowers, at least of the outer ones, strap- 

 shaped, rarely {Psiadia) thread-shaped, but then shrubs, heads in 

 corymbs, and style of the central flowers 2-cleft 230 



