226. COMPOSITAE 577 



Corolla-tube with appendages which are free frcm the ovary, or without 

 any appendages 321 



321. Fruits clothed with long wool, 8 — lo-ribbed. Ray-flowers white or 



violet. Herbs. Leaves pinnately divided. Heads solitary, terminating 



the branches. — Species 3. South Africa. . Lasiospermum Lag. 



Fruits not woolly 322 



322. Fruits much compressed. Herbs or undershrubs 323 



Fruits not or scarcely compressed 325 



323. Fruits, at least the outer, broadly winged. Leaves alternate, pinnately 



divided. — Species 10. North Africa. Some are used medicinally. 



Anacyclus L. 

 Fruits not or indistinctly winged, without a pappus 324 



324. Leaves alternate, toothed or pinnately divided. — Species 7. North 



Africa ; one species also naturalized in South Africa. Some are used as 



ornamental or medicinal plants Achillea L. 



Leaves opposite, at least the lower, entire. Ray-flowers neuter, white. — 

 Species 2. North-west Africa. [Fradinia Pomel, under Cladanthus 

 Cass.) Mecomischus Benth. & Hook. 



325. Leaves opposite or whorled, entire. Shrubs. Ray-flowers present. 326 

 Leaves alternate 327 



326. Heads collected in compound heads. Pappus of the inner fruits consist- 



ing of scales sometimes united into a small crown. — Species 4. South 



Africa Oedera L. 



Heads solitary at the ends of the branches. Pappus wanting. — Species 

 4. South Africa Eumorphia DC. 



327. Stem herbaceous. Leaves toothed or pinnately divided 328 



Stem woody, at least at the base 329 



328. Heads without ray-flowers. Corolla-tube regular. Pappus crown-shaped. 



Leaves toothed. Heads in dense corymbs. — Species i. North Africa. 



Lonas Adans. 

 Heads with ray-flowers, more rarely without, but then pappus auricle- 

 shaped or wanting. Corolla-tube compressed, often with appendages. 

 Heads stalked, terminating the branches. — Species 30. North and 

 Central Africa ; one species naturalized in South Africa. Some are used 

 as medicinal plants (camomile). (Including Chamaemelum Cass., 

 Ormenis Cass., Perideraea Webb, and Rhetinolepis Cass.) Anthemis L. 



329. Ribs of the fruits produced into unequal scales or strong awns. Shrubs. 



Leaves pinnatifid. Heads in corymbs. — Species 4. Canary Islands. 

 (Including Hymenolepis Schultz and Lugoa DC.) Gonospermum Less. 

 Ribs of the fruits not produced into scales or awns. Heads without ray- 

 flowers 330 



330. Corolla-tube with a more or less distinct appendage at the base, usually 



compressed. Pappus wanting. Heads long-stalked. Under-shrubs. 



20 



