40 



LYCODIN.E. 



41,1 °/o, the longitiulinal diameter of the e\'e 3 — 4,4 "'o- The colour is uniform, brown 

 or grayish, without hands or spots'); the belly and posterior border of the gill-cover 

 darkish. The scales arc small, relativel}' smaller than in the two foregoing forms and 

 have a somewhat wider distribution, as the\' extend from the end of the tail not 

 only to near the base of the pectorals, but also to the neck ( sometimes however, a 

 bare strip occurs in the middle line of the back in front of the dorsal fin), as well as 

 on the underside of the belly, which is scaled a considerable portion in front of the 

 anus, often just to the tip or e\-en to the root of the \-entral fins; in medium-sized 

 and adult individuals the scales spread out also on to the unpaired fins. The lateral 

 line is double, ventral and mediolateral, most distinct in its course down towards 

 the anus. Pyloric appendages 2. The size reaches to 260 mm. 



D. 96 — 97. A. 81 — 82' P. 18 — 20. 



Distribution. East from Iceland, 537 — 957 fathoms; north from the Fa;roes, 

 679 fathoms; off the .Shetland-Norway Slope, 650 fathouLs. 



Remarks on the Synonymy. 



L. pallidus was formed by R. Col let t for two small L3'Codes, taken by the Norwegian North- Atlantic Expedition 

 in 1S7S, north-west from Spitzbergen at 260 — 459 fathoms depth. In 1881 — 82 the species was again taken in the Kara Sea 

 by the Dijmphna Expedition, according to Lutken, who described 11 specimens from there and figured some of them. 

 Later, the same author mentions a number of specimens, taken by the Ingolf Expedition of 1896 at 8 stations in the cold 

 water between the Fseroes, Iceland and Jan Mayen. Lastly, N. Knipowitsch has recently described a specimen, taken by 

 a Russian expedition to Spitzbergen. 



The species seems thus to have gradually gained recognition. In his latest treatise {on L. graci/is I Prof. Collett has 

 meanwhile come to doubt how far /,. pa//idiis land its probable young stage L. rossil is a good species, or if it pos.sibly is 

 synonymous with L. gracilis M. Bars. 



The results my investigations have led to, are as follows: L. pallidus Collett is an independent species, which does 

 not show any near relation to L. rossi or to L. gracilis (== L. vahlii). L. pallidus Liitken from the Kara Sea is identical with 

 Colletf s species, and the same holds for L. pallidus Knipowitsch. L. pallidus Lutken from the Ingolf Expedition belongs 

 likewise to the same species, but in certain regards displays a tolerably great amount of variation, and for some of the 

 specimens I have been led to form two separate varieties: similis (cf. p. 46) and squamivenier (p. 48). 



After these preliminar)' remarks had been written down, I have had the opportunity to examine an additional and 

 considerable number of specimens, especially from the Polar Depths and from the north-eastern Greenland; regard has also 

 been taken for these in my diagnosis, and they are deserving of special mention. 



Ly codes pallidus from the Ingolf Expedition. 

 Tab. IV, fig. I a, b. c, d, e. 

 There are 11 specimens in all from the seas north of the Fteroes (St. 138) and Iceland 

 (St. 124, 126); the depths varied from 293 — 495 fathom.s. 



I give below the most important measurements of these specimens: 



St. i26lSt. 126 



Total length 



Length of tlie head 



Distance from snout to anus 

 Height over the anus 



St. 126 



St 13S' 



St. 124 



St. 124 



St. 138 



St. 138 



53 



12,5 



21-5 



4.5 



53.5 

 13 



133 

 32 



54 

 14 



135 

 30 

 56 

 13 



St 124! 



St 1381st 124 



5S 



I5S IS3 



40 41 



66 75 



16 17.5 



M Quite young individuals are certainly not known, but such is the condition in all the specimens to hand 

 whose total length is down to 117,5 mm. 



