-8 IvYCODIN^. 



or at a point opposite to, the beuiiiiiin"- of the dorsal fin; the head, anterior part of the back, the belly 

 and fins are thus quite free of scales. The two smallest specimens (32 and 54,5 mm., Tab. VII, fig. i a 

 ^ b) are naked, but scales have already begun to show on the 60,5 mm. specimen, on the foreinost part of the 

 tail and on the trunk to the point of the closed pectoral fin, mainly above the median Hue of the .side. 

 In the 65 mm. long specimen, only some few scales can be observed on the boundary between the 

 trunk and the tail, up towards the back, but in three young specimens of 68,2, 75 and 75,8 mm. 

 (Tab. VII, fig. I c it d) a distinct strip of scales is seen on the .side of the body, in front to the 

 middle of the pectoral when laid backwards and posteriorly an almost equal distance behind the anus. 

 In the 85 mm. long specimen, the scal>- covering is relatively very early developed, as it has here 

 essentialh- the same distribution as in the adult.s, only the end of the tail is naked (which may also 

 occur in part in much larger specimens); the individuals of 114 and 118 mm. are in a similar condi- 

 tion, but one of 105 nun. is nmch less advanced: in this the scales are only on the foremost three 

 fifths of the tail and on the trunk to a little distance behind the tip of the pectoral, and for the most 

 part the^■ onl\- extend from the back more or less to near the middle line of the side; onl\- on a small 

 portion do the^■ reach below this. These examples should sufficiently illustrate the variations in the 

 distribution of the .scales in young and medium-.sized specimen.s. 



The lateral line is single, mediolateral, arises at the upper end of the gill-opening, forms a 

 slight arch on the shoulder and courses along the dorsal aspect of the trunk but more in the median 

 line on the tail. Over the first obliquely descending part of this lateral line there is a horizontal row 

 of 4 to 5 pores, placed somewhat remote from one another, and there is a similar row between the 

 posterior part of the head and the front end of the dorsal fin. 



Colour. I .shall begin with a description of the smallest .specimen but 32 mm. long (type- 

 specimen of L. I'ossi Malmgr.). As fig. i a of Tab. VH in natural size shows, this has 8 broad, dark 

 bauds on the body, and also a dark spot at the end of the caudal fin. The first of these bands reaches 

 from behind the head to the front end of the dorsal fin, the second baud lies under and a little beyond 

 the posterior portion of the pectoral, the third has its anterior border lying over the anus, the most 

 posterior (eighth) co\ers the end of the tail. .\11 the bands reach down over the linear depression 

 along the middle of the side of the bod\-; the fifth extends to near the anal fin, the sixth, seventh 

 and eighth extend on to this fin. Above, they all extend on to the dorsal fin. The ground-colour is 

 \ellow white (that is, on the specimen now much bleached; Malmgren wrote: dilute fulvo flavus ), 

 and the bands which are saddle-.shaped, have a small, dark margin with lighter centre. The first 

 band is separated from the dark posterior margin of the head b\- a light stripe across the neck. There 

 is a dark streak on each side of the head, from the snout on to the gill cover'). — The next smallest 

 specimen (54,5 mm.), represented in fig. i b of Tab. \TI, is very similar to the foregoing in colour- 

 markings, but the bands are broader and their number is only 7. Then comes the 60,5 mm. .specimen 

 whose colouration agrees completely with that of the type-specimen. The 65 mu). specimen from the 

 Kara Sea displa\s a certain difference as a small, dark-brown spot appears in the lighter centre of the 



') The figure in F. .\. .Smitt (1. c. 1895) show a Hght spot behind the eye, towards the upper .side, but I think 

 the artist has depicted the brain showing through the skull; Malmgren says expressly (concerning the specimens at hand, 

 two this time I : in the Spitzbergen specimens the light spots on the dark crown characteristic for the last-named |i. e. L. 

 perspicilluyn Kr. | are moreover wanting*. 



