286 



The Journal of Heredity 



odor is a means of preserving the social 

 life of the bees from without, the queen 

 (jdor which is a part of it ensures con- 

 tinuation of the social life within. 

 As already stated the workers 'know' 

 their hive mates»by the hive odor the\- 

 carry. This odor insures hamiony and 

 a united defence when an enemy at- 

 tacks the colony. The queen odor 



constantly informs the workers that 

 their queen is present, and even though 

 she does not rule, her presence means 

 everything to the bees in perpetuating 

 the colony. Thus by obeying the 

 stimuli of the hive odor and the queen 

 * odor, and being guided by instinct, a 

 colony of bees ])erhai)s could not want 

 a better ruler." 



BODY AND MIND 



Those who are Mentally Defective are Likely to be Physically Below Par as 



Well -Methods of Diagnosis Superiority of the Left Hand and 



Small Lung Capacity Marked in the Feebleminded 



B\' Tlili use of mental tests, an 

 experienced examiner can usually 

 tell without difficulty whether a 

 child is feebleminded or has 

 normal intelligence. Everyone under- 

 stands that the two tyjjes of mind are 

 different, even if these differences arc 

 not sharply defined. 



But the differences are not solely 

 n^ental. Many ]3ersons who have had 

 to do with feebleminded children have 

 recognized that they were abnormal in 

 lx)dy. as well as in mind. 



As early as 1892, Porter concluded 

 from a study of 33.500 children that 

 there is a ]jhysical basis of mental 

 ])recocity, that dull children are lighter 

 in weight than the average child, and 

 l.)recocious children heavier ; that medio- 

 crity of mind goes with mediocrity of 

 jjhysique. 



Smedley announced that the "e\'olu- 

 tionary ideal child stands somewhere 

 above the average in each measure- 

 ment." He found that children who 

 were ]jhysically sujjcrior were quite 

 regularly sui)erior in school efficiency. 

 This conclusion was confirmed by several 

 investigators. 



On the other hand, scAcral in\'estiga- 

 tors found that feebleminded children 

 were below ])ar physically. From a 

 study f)f 6,000 feebleminded males and 

 .*>.000 feebkmindcd females of all ages. 

 ( ioddard demonstrated that with but 

 slight excejjtions the feebleminded of 

 )»oth sexes are below the ne)imal a\er- 



ages. and that the elegree of sub- 

 normality bears a direct relation to the 

 degree of mental defect, with the highest 

 grades, the morons, closely a])proximat- 

 ing the normal. 



Amcjng the confirmatory studies is 

 that of Alead, who concluded that "not 

 only is mental defect reflected on the 

 average in the height and weight of 

 children, but the more decided the 

 defect, the more checked the physical 

 growth." a result which was more 

 e\'ident in lieighl than in weight. 

 Feeblemindeel girls are tnore like normal 

 girls than feeblemintleel boys are like 

 normal boys, in his ojjinion. Again, 

 Baldwin afiiirms that "the majority of 

 school children above median height 

 are in or above normal grade and above 

 the average in marks. Of those below 

 median height the majority of children 

 are below or in normal grade and below 

 average mark." 



The Training School at Vineland, 

 X. J., has for the i)ast ten years been 

 making physical measurements of its 

 ]JU]3ils, recording the height (standing 

 and sitting), weight, grip (right and 

 left), and lung capacity. These fur- 

 nished good material for a further study 

 of the relation l)etween physique and 

 intelligence, and more i)articularly of 

 the relation between the various meas- 

 urements to each other, and E. A. Doll, 

 assistant ])sychologist, has submitted 

 the records to statistical treatment and 

 recently jniblished the results." 



'.Doll, E. .\. .Xntliropomctry as an Aid to Mnital DiagnDsis. I'uhlicatiuns of the Training 

 Schr>ol at Vini1an<l. N. j. (Research Dcpt.), Xo. S. February, 1<M(). Tp. *)1. price 75 cts. 



