406 



The Journal of Heredity 



fMoko. .. . 

 I b. 1893 



Fereno 2:05>^l 

 b. 1897 ^ 



f George Wilkes 2:22 

 [Baron Wilkes 2:18j b. 1856 



b. 188? IBclle Patchen 2:30% 



I [ b. 1873 



ifStrathmore 

 Queen Ethel J b. 1866 

 b. 1885 1 Princess Ethel 



[ b. 1868 



f George Wilkes 2:22 



f Simmons 2:28 1 b. 1856 



1 b. 1879 ] Black Jane 



HettieCasel [ b. 1870 



b. 1885 i 



fGov. Sprague 2:20J^ 



Rosa Sprague -| b. 1871 



b. 1881 [Rose Kenney 



THE REMARKABLE PEDIGREE OF FERENO 



Fereno is a very fast trotter. According to Mr. Redfield's hypothesis, her pedigree should 

 show animals which were worked hard and bred at a late age. The facts sho^vn in the chart 

 above are evidence that a number of her ancestors had no records at all; and if the intervals 

 between generations are counted, it will be found that most of the ancestors of Fereno were 

 bred young. The date of birth of Rose Kenney is not known, but her grandsire, Mambrino 

 Chief, was foaled in 1844. Thus three generations, from the birth of Mambrino Chief to 

 the birth of Rosa Sprague, cover 37 years, and one-third of this is 12.3 years. It will there- 

 fore probably not be far wrong to take 12 years as the age of Rose Kenny at the time 

 Rosa Sprague was foaled. (Fig. 9.) 



The dam of Fereno had every chance, 

 mated to great sires, to produce some- 

 thing better than Fereno, but instead 

 has j^roduced nothing of great value 

 since then. 



The j)edigree of Fereno is shown in 

 Fig. 9. Her sire and dam are withoul 

 records, and only two of her grand- 

 parents have records. In earlier genera- 

 tions she has many good ancestors. 



The average age of all Fereno 's 

 ancestors, compared with the average 

 age of male ancestors only of 242 trotters 

 with records of 2:10 or better and of a 

 random group of the first 242 horses 

 in Volume 15 of the Register'^ is as 

 follows : 



it api)ears very unfavorable to Mr. 

 Redfield. And the fact that Fereno, a 

 distinctly superior trotter, was pro- 

 duced by an untrained three-year-old 

 stallion, and a brood mare who never 

 before or since produced a superior 

 colt, and w^ho had no record, is very 

 damaging to Mr. Redfield's claims, and 

 seems to justify the contributors in 

 pointing to Fereno "as a clear-cut ex- 

 am])le to comply with offer No. 3, 

 where the parents made acquirements 

 below the standard, in respect to per- 

 formance, and the offspring surj^asses 

 the parents." However, Mr. Redfield 

 stipulated that the evidence must show 



Sires 



Fereno 7 



Average horses 8.28 



2:10 horses 9.4 



The fact that Fereno's ancestors of 

 both sexes arc included in the abox-e 

 table brings an element of uncertainty 

 into the comparison; but on the whole 



the actual amoinit of training given to 

 the two parents, and as this informa- 

 tion cannot be secured, it is impossible to 

 award his mone\'. 



"Marshall, F. R. 'I'hc Age of Speed Sires. American Naturalist, \'ol. xHv, p. 433, July, 

 1910. 'l"hc article is a criticism of .some of Mr. Redfield's figures. 



