416 



The Journal .of Heredity 



as James, Scuppernonj^:, Thomas, Eden, 

 and Flowers hermaphrodites. How- 

 ever, as these seedlings are only begin- 

 ning to fruit, this statement is subject 

 to modification. A full test may show 

 the necessity of working into or toward 

 the different standard varietal types 

 through another generation before prac- 

 tically identical hermaphrodites may 

 be available as substitutes for the 

 present standard female sorts. The 

 following table shows the hermaphro- 

 ditic results (tabulated June 30, 1916) 

 from crosses in which H2 figured in 

 1912 and 1913 breeding work, 

 will be hermaphrodites. These seed- 

 lings are chiefly of the third generation, 



being progeny of hermaphrodite seed- 

 lings of HI and H2 parentage. So far, 

 while it has been possible to self-pollinate 

 HI and H2, it has been impossible to 

 cross them directly. 



3. Increase of Productiveness 



Increased productiveness is a leading 

 result secured by the Department in its 

 intercrossing work. This has been ac- 

 complished in three different ways. 



First, it has been possible to gradually 

 increase the standard of productiveness 

 by selecting among the thousands of 

 seedlings those which give evidence of 



In 1914 a considerable -nimiber of 



T.\BLE 1. — Hermaphroditic Results from H2 in 1912 and 1913 Breeding Work, Willard, N. C. 



crosses were made using H2, HI, and 

 the better hermaphroditic progeny of 

 HI. Additional work was done in 

 1915, but the resulting progeny have 

 not yet bloomed. To date,* in addition 

 to the two original true hermaphrodites 

 and ]:)lants propagated from them by 

 cuttings, the De]>artment has ])roduced 

 ninety tested hermaphrodites, fifty-nine 

 tested females, and five tested males 

 from crosses in which HI and H2 have 

 figured. In addition, there are 1,029 

 seedlings of hermaphroditic parentage 

 in the breeding bk)cks of the experiment 

 vineyard still untested. It is expected 

 that not less than 50 per cent of these 

 highest productiveness due to ])rofuse- 



ness of bloom, vigor of growth, resistance 

 to diseases and insects, etc., and then 

 using these as parents of succeeding 

 generations. To make this increase 

 effective merely requires the introduc- 

 tion and substitution of the better 

 new varieties for the present standard 

 commercial sorts. 



Second, increased productiveness has 

 been gained 1)y ])rf)ducing the new self- 

 fertile hemiaphroditic tyi)e of Muscadine 

 grape having large clusters, self-fertiUty, 

 and fruitfulness, to take the j^lace of 

 female varieties and of nonfruiting 

 male vines ser\nng as poUenizers for 

 female varieties. Owing to the self- 

 fertilitv of the hermai)hrodites they 



^This manuscri])! was prepared in November, 1916. 



