492 



The Journal of Heredity 



cumulated through one entire "manage- 

 ment rotation." Such a rotation will 

 probably mean, for Douglas fir, a p^^riod 

 of 120 or 150 years. The imagination 

 refuses to venture concerning the meth- 

 ods of study at so distant a time. The 

 largeness of the idea is at once gratifying 

 and disturbing, for one feels both the 

 importance of the work and the respon- 

 sibility of doing righth^ the early steps in 

 that work, lest the initial errors and 

 omissions grow in magnitude with the 

 advancing years. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



The plan for the seed collecting and 

 seed testing of the Douglas Fir Seed 

 Study was prepared in 1912 by Thornton 

 T. Munger, then Forest Assistant at 

 Portland, Oregon. The conduct of the 

 seed collection and all of the first year's 

 work was under the direction of C. P. 

 Willis, of the Wind River Experiment 

 Station. His careful work with the 

 cones and seeds was productiv^e of the 

 detailed conclusions upon that phase of 

 the study. He has also prepared a 

 report on numerous incidental studies 

 relativ^e to methods of cone drying, seed 

 extraction and time of cone gathering. 

 Since 1913 J. V. Hofmann has been 

 Director of the Experiment vStation and 

 has had general supervision of the work. 

 He planned the field plantations and 

 selected the sites for the altitudinal and 

 regional tests for hardiness and growth 

 of seedlings. The writer's connection 

 with the study began with the collection 

 of a portion of the cones, and has con- 

 tinued to the present time. The article 

 by Mr. Willis and Dr. Hofmann in the 

 Proceedings has been freely drawn upon 

 in the present writing. 



BIBLIOGR.\PHV 



1. A Study of Douglas Fir Seed by C. P 

 Willis and J. V. Hofmann. Proc. S^c. Ameri- 

 can Foresters, Vol. x (191.Sj, ]>]). 141-164. 



2. Einfluss der Provenienz des Samens anf 

 die Eigenschaftcn der forstlichen Holzgewachse 

 (Influence of the Origin of Seed upon the Char- 

 acter of Forest Growth), by Prof. Arnold 

 Engler, Zurich, Switzerland. Published in 

 Mitteiliingen der Schweizerischeti Centralan- 

 stalt fiir das forstliche Versuchsiuesen, Vol. viii 

 (lOO.i), pp. 81-236; Vol. .\ (1913), pp. 191- 

 386. These publications are the author's first 

 and second reports on his long-continued 

 studies in this field. Reviewed by Prof. 

 Toumev in Proc. Soc. Am. For., Vol. ix (1914), 

 pp. 107-113. 



3. Tall och Gran af Sydlig Harkomst i 

 Sverige, by Edvard Wibeck in Meddelatiden 

 fron Statetis Skogsforsoksanstalt, Stockholm, 

 Haftet9 (1912), pp. 75-134. (The influence of 

 the origin of seed for artificial forestation. 

 Reviewed bv G. A. Pearson in Proc. Soc. Am. 

 Foresters, Vol. ix (1914), pp. 113-119.) 



4. The Effect of the Source of Seed upon the 

 Growth of Douglas Fir, by Count von Berg, 

 Sagnitz, Livonia, Russia. A report submitted 

 to the U. S. Forest Service, from whom von 

 Berg secured the seed for his study. (Ab- 

 stracted bv Raphael Zon in The Forestry Quar- 

 terly, Vol. xi (1913), pp. 499-502.) 



5. Versuche iibcr individuelle Auslese bei 

 Waldbaumen I, Piniis silv:stris, by Dr. E. 

 Zederbaucr, Austrian Experiment Station, in 

 Centralblatt fiir das gesammte Forstwesen, May, 

 1912, pp. 201-202. (Studies of the Individual 

 Heredity of Forest Trees. Reviewed in 

 Forestry Quarterly, Vol. x (1912), p. 733. 

 "Part II — Pinus austriaca" reviewed in For- 

 estry Quarterly. Vol. xi (1913), p. 418.) 



6. The Influence of Age and Condition of 

 the Tree Upon Seed Production in Western 

 Yellow Pine, by G. A. Pearson, U. S. Dept. of 

 Agriculture, Forest Service Circular 196 (Jan., 

 1912.) 



7. Annual Reports of the American Breeder's 

 Association, Washington, D. C. These reports 

 contain valuable reports and reviews by the 

 Committee on Breeding Niit and Forest Trees, 

 many of which are pertinent to the present 

 work. 



8. The work of a number of European inves- 

 tigators may be found as follows: 



Prof. A. Cicslar: Centralblatt fiir das Gesa- 

 mm'e Forslw:;sen, 1907, p. 1. 



Dr. Dengler: Zeitschrift fiir Forst und 

 Jagdwesen, 1908, p. 137. 



Prof. G. Huflel: Revue des Eaux el Forits, 

 1912. 



Dr. M. Kienitz: Zeitschrift fiir Forst und 

 Jagdwescn, 1911, p. 4. 



Cooperative Move to Improve 



Six years of study have i)r(jvc(l that 

 more than 259o of the trees in California 

 citrus orchards are un])rofital)le. They 

 are undesirable bud variations that 

 bear little or nothing. The California 

 Fruit (jTowers' Exchange has now 

 established a department of bud selec- 



California Citrus Orchards 



tion, the object of which will be to 

 secure and furnish to all growers buds 

 from tested trees, in order that they 

 may projDagate only dt^sirable strains 

 of oranges. This is a unique instance 

 of widespread application of the teach- 

 ing of modern plant-breeding. 



