92 NATURAL HISTORY OP 



reus club-shaped branchlets or ramuli, which Prof. 

 Allman caWs fissiparous appendages, a,ve produced from 

 various parts of the stem. The contained coenosarc in 

 these ramuli bursts through the perisarc at the end of 

 the ramulus and continues to grow. After a while a 

 constriction appears in the coenosarc a little below the 

 end of the branchlet, which constriction advances until 

 a piece of the coenosarc is cut off and passes into the 

 water as a free zooid, about -g-l-g- in. in length, and 

 resembling a plannla without cilia. This frustrule ulti- 

 mately attaches itself, and serves as a stolon or hydro- 

 rhiza to a new colony which springs from a bud in its 

 side. Prof. Allman refers to the fact that in the case 

 of C. nutans similar bodies appear to be discharged, 

 which, however, directly develope into hydranths. 



1. S. RAMOSUM, All. 



Hab. : Loch Long (AIL). Height about 1 in. 

 Stems much branched. Branches ringed at origin and 

 for some distance from distal extremities. Fissiparous 

 appendages annulated, equal to or longer than branches, 

 and regularly distributed over the stem. Polypite 

 with 24 tentacles, which when fully extended ai*e 

 alternately elevated and depressed. Calycles with even 

 margins. 



FAMILY II. CAMPANULINID^. 



Ga lycles ovato-conic, pedicellate. Polypites cylindrical, 

 with a small conical proboscis. — T. H. 

 Genus I. Campanulina, Van Beneden. 

 Stem simple or branched, rooted by a thread-like 

 stolon. Calycles produced and pointed above. Poly- 

 pites with webbed tentacles. Reproduction by free 

 medusiform gonozooids. — T. H. 



