236 NATURA.L HISTORY OP 



layer, or in two layers united by the dorsal surfaces, 

 more or less quadrangular or linguiform, with a raised 

 margin, the aperture occupying the whole or a con- 

 siderable portion of the front of the cell, and closed in 

 by a membranous covering. Ooecia immersed. — T. H 



Zooecia in two layers. 



1. F. POLIACEA, Linn. Plate XIX. fig. 2. 



For us cervinus (Jussieii), Eschara foliacea [Linn., 

 Pall., Moll). 



Hab. : Common. 



This common zoophyte is popularly called the 

 '^Broad-leaved Hornwrack.^' It grows in fronds 

 somewhat resembling the fronds of algae, to a height 

 of 4 or 5 inches. The colour is brown, and it possesses 

 a peculiar odour, which has been variously described. 

 Ellis considers it fishy. Grant, Couch, and Hincks 

 liken it to that of the violet ; Dr. Landsborough to 

 that of Verbena ; and Pallas to that of orange. Hooker 

 says^ " For curiosity and beauty I have not, among all 

 the plants or vegetables I have yet observed, seen any 

 one comparable to this seaweed '^ (!). 



The zoarium consists of a number of zooecia, placed 

 side by side, extending along both sides of the fronds, 

 which spread out in a palmate form, and are deeply 

 divided into narrow and broad segments, which are 

 often again subdivided towards the extremities. The 

 segments are narrowed at the base, and are generally 

 rounded at the top. Each cell has two spines at each 

 side of the semicircular top. The avicularia are irre- 

 gularly distributed between the cells. 



2. F. PAPYRACEA, Ellis and Solander. Plate XIX. 

 fig. 3. 



