48 THE AMERICAN MUSEUM JOURNAL 
Hedgehog, skull long and pointed. Eocene and Oligocene epochs, 
North America. 
A series of skulls of these little animals is shown in the table 
case. They differ from the true Hedgehogs in many archaic 
characters and there is no reason to suppose that they wore a 
prickly coat. The “‘tritubercular”’ teeth are a primitive charac- 
teristic. 
ERINACEID&, OR HEDGEHOGS. Living. 
Quadritubercular molar teeth. Three incisors in upper dentition. 
Premolars often small, sometimes reduced in number, the last one 
molariform. Tibia and fibula united, ulna and radius separate. Skull 
rather short in the Hedgehog, long and pointed in certain allied East 
Indian animals. Oligocene to Recent epochs, Europe and America. 
Part of the skull of a true Hedgehog of an extinct genus, 
Proterix, from the Oligocene of South Dakota, is shown in the 
table case, besides jaws of the Miocene genus Galerzx from Europe. 
TUPAJIDZ, OR TREE-SHREWS. 
Living. Borneo. 
MACROSCELIDA, OR JUMPING-SHREWS. 
Living. Africa. 
SORICID4, OR SHREWS. 
Living. Europe, Asia, northern Africa and North America. 
Incisors and premolars reduced in number, the incisors forming 
a pair of sharp-pointed pincers, molars quadritubercular. No zygo- 
matic arch. Oligocene to Recent. Europe and North America. 
More than half of the species of living Insectivora come under 
this family, but all are of small size, mostly nocturnal, hiding in 
burrows or beneath leaves or roots during the day. They feed on 
insects, for which purpose the pincer-like incisors and the sharp 
little cusps of the molar teeth are well adapted. Fossil Shrews 
are found in the Oligocene and later formations of both Europe 
and North America, but only fragmentary remains have been 
discovered. A few are on exhibition. 
