156 APPENDIX ON PRACTICAL WORK. 



parts usually in 5's. Placentation, generally free-central. Fruit, 

 usually a capsule. 

 Exs. — Chickweed, stitch wort, campion, ragged -robin, pink, 

 carnation. 

 Order 6. — Malvaceae. — Undershrubs or herbs. Leaves, scattered, 

 stipulate. Flowers, regular. Calyx, frequently with epicalyx. 

 Stamens, monadelphous, branched. Gyncecium, syncarpous. Fruit, 

 a split-fruit with numerous parts. 

 Exs. — Mallow, hollyhock. 

 Order 7. — Geraniaceae. — Herbs. Floral formula, Ca 5, Co 5, An 5 + 5, 

 Gn ( 1>. Ovary, with a beak-like projection. Fruit, a split fruit. 

 Exs. — Geranium, pelargonium. 



Series (2). — Calyciflorm. 



Order 1. — Leguminosae. — Leaves, usually scattered, compound, and 

 stipulate. Flowers, perigynous, and generally irregular. Sepals, 

 5, the odd one anterior. Corolla, usually papilionaceous. Stamens, 

 generally 10, mon- or diadelphous. Gyncecium, superior. Caiyels, 

 1, anterior. Fruit, a legume. 

 Exs. — Gorse, broom, lupin, laburnum, clover, bird's- foot tre- 

 foil, vetch, bean, pea. 

 Order 2. — E-osaceae. — Leaves, scattered, usually stipulate. Flowers, 

 perigynous, regular. Sepals, generally 5, the odd one posterior. 

 Stamens indefinite. Gyncecium, apocarpous, superior. 



Exs. — Kose, meadow-sweet, japonica, peach, apricot, plum, 



cherry, laurel (cherry 1.), sloe, lady's mantle, cinquefoil, 



strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, hawthorn, pear, apple, 



mountain ash (rowan). 



Order 3. — Onagraceae. — Herbs or shrubs. Leaves, ex stipulate. Flowers, 



epigynous, usually regular ; parts in 4's. Calyx, often petaloid, 



with a long tube. Gyncecium, syncarpous, superior. Placentation, 



axile. Fruit, a capsule or berry. 



Exs. — Willow herb, evening primrose, enchanter's nightshade, 

 fuchsia. 

 Order 4. — Umbelliferae. —Herbs. Stem, generally fistular. Leaves, 

 scattered, exstipulate, sheathing at base, generally deeply divided. 

 Inflorescence, an umbel. Flowers, epigynous, usually regular. 

 Floral formula, Ca 5, Co 5, An 5, Gn ®. Calyx, very small. Fruit, 

 a splitting-fruit, dividing into two. 



Exs. — Hemlock, celery, carraway, fennel, coriander, parsley, 

 parsnip, carrot. 



Sub-class 3.— Gamopetalae or Corolliflorae. 



Series (1). — Hypogynce. 



Order 1. — Boraginaceae. — Hispid herbs. Leaves, scattered, entire, ex- 

 stipulate. Inflorescence, cymose, helicoid. Flowers, generally 

 regular. Floral formula, Ca 5, Co 5, An 5, Gn { 2K Stamens, 

 epipetalous. Carpels, lateral. Ovary, 4-lobed. Fruit, a splitting 

 fruit, separating into 4. 



Exs. — Bugloss, borage, comfrey, forget-me-not. 



