APPENDIX B. 



EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 



S.K.E. = South Kensington Elementary. S.K.A. = South Kensington Advanced. 

 These questions are chiefly in Subject xv., Elementary Botany ; but some are 

 in Subject xvi., Vegetable Morphology and Physiology. * L.M. ^London 

 Matriculation. L.I. = London Intermediate Science. 



1. Root. 



i. Describe the organs by which a 

 bean-plant absorbs water, and give an 

 account of the process of absorption. 

 (LI.) 



2. Describe the structure, and state 

 what are the functions, of root-hairs. 

 By what means is a root able to absorb 

 from the soil substances which are in- 

 soluble in water? (S.K.A.) 



3. What is the use of a root ? Under 

 what circumstances may plants exist 

 without one? (S.K.E.) 



4. What is root pressure ? At what 

 period is it most conspicuous ? (S. K. A. ) 



5. What is the channel by which 

 the leaves of a plant make up for 

 the loss of water by transpiration? 

 Where does the water come from? 

 (S.K.E.) 



6. Explain why the root of a turnip 

 first grows faster than the stem, and 

 then stops while the stem grows 

 rapidly? (S.K.E.) 



7. Describe the way in which roots 

 grow. (S.K.E.) 



8. What part of a plant's food is 

 taken up by the roots ? (S.K.E.) 



2. Stem. 



9. State the broad facts as to the de- 

 velopment of branches. What is the 

 difference between a sympodial and 

 a monopodial branch system? Give 

 illustrations of both cases from the 

 British flora. (S.K.A.) 



10. Explain why a potato is con- 

 sidered to be a stem. (S.K.E.) 



11. What is the structural differ- 

 ence between a prickle (as in the rose) 

 and a spine (as in the blackthorn)? 

 (S.K.E.) 



12. What are the principal modifica- 

 tions of stem structure? (S.K.A.) 



13. State generally what is the com- 

 position of a vascular bundle. De- 

 scribe the longitudinal course of the 

 vascular bundles in the stem of anv 

 dicotyledon. (S.K.E.) 



14. What is the nature of the vas- 

 cular bundles of endogens? (S.K.E.) 



15. Explain precisely what are meant 

 by the terms "pith " and " medullary 

 ra3 T s." How do these structures origi- 

 nate? (S.K.E.) 



16. What is the precise nature of 

 bast? In what part of the plant is it 

 to be met with ? (S.K.E.) 



