EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 



16; 



6. Classification. 



108. Describe the male flower of any 

 Conifer you please, and state the struc- 

 tural differences which distinguish the 

 flower of gymnosperms from that of 

 other phanerogams. (S.K.A. ) 



109. Give the essential characters of 

 Orchideae. (S.K.A.) 



no. Contrast the character of grasses 

 and Cyperacea?. (S.K.A.) 



in. Give a precise account of the 

 structure of the flower of any Crucifer, 

 and draw a diagram showing the I 

 arrangement of the different parts, j 

 (S.K.E.) 



112. Describe the typical structure 

 of a stameD. State the peculiarities 

 characteristic of those of a Crucifer. a 

 Composite, a Labiate, and a Grass. 

 (S.K.E.) 



113. Give the principal characters of 

 Ro>acea3. (S.K.E.) 



114. Draw a diagram showing the 

 arrangement of the parts of the flower 

 of a leguminous plant as seen in trans- 

 verse section. Point out in what re- 

 spects it differs from the arrangement 

 typical of flowers generally. iS.K. E. ) 



7. General, Comparative, and Miscellaneous. 



115. State what is meant by annual, 

 biennial, and perennial plants, giving 

 examples. (S.K.E.) 



116. Give examples of different kinds 

 of climbing plants, briefly describing 

 the mode of climbing in each case. 

 (S.K.E.) 



117. What are the chief differences 

 between a root and a stem? (S.K.E.) 



118. Suppose a piece of the axis of 

 some flowering plant were shown to 

 you, what appearances would enable 

 you to decide whether it was part of 

 a root or of a stem ? (S.K.E.) 



119. Compare the structure of the 

 root of any flowering plant with that 

 of its stem. Mention and briefly de- 

 scribe cases in which (a.) the stem and 

 (6.) the root has become modified to 

 serve as a depository of reserve mate- 

 rials. (S.K.E.) 



120. Give a botanical description of 

 the part, in each of the following plants, 

 which is commonly used as food : the 

 potato, the onion, the turnip, and the 

 carrot. (S.K.E.) 



121. What are tendrils? Of what 

 organs may they be modifications? 

 Give examples. (S.K.E.) 



122. Give examples of plants which 

 climb by means of tendrils, and ex- 

 plain how a tendril acts. (S.K.E.) 



123. Describe the structure of a liv- 

 ing parenchymatous plant-cell. What 

 chemical elements enter into the com- 

 position (a.) of the cell-wall, (b.) of the 

 protoplasm? (S.K.E.) 



124. What is a "growing-point"? 

 What is the difference between the 

 growing-points of stems and those of 

 roots? (S.K.E.) 



125. State what are the general 

 characteristics of the epidermal tis- 

 sue of the sub-aerial parts of plants. 

 (S.K.A.) 



126. What are fibro-vascular bundles? 

 Of what are they formed ? What pur- 

 poses do they serve ? (S.K.E. ) 



127. What is a sieve-tube? What is 

 its structure ? What is its position in 

 a dicotvledon? What is its probable 

 function? (L.I.) 



128. What is meant by a vessel? 

 How is it formed, and what is its use? 

 (S.K.E.) 



129. What are the differences be- 

 tween the vessels of the wood and 

 those of the bast ? (S. K. E. ) 



130. Why can a tree be transplanted 

 more safely in the winter than in the 

 summer? (S.K.E.) 



131. Why will a plant grown in a 

 dwelling-room be less vigorous than 

 one grown in the open air? (S.K.E.) 



132. Write an account of the func- 

 tions performed bv the epidermal tis- 

 sue. (L.I.) 



133. Why does heaping earth round 

 celery cause the stalks to be white ? 

 (S.K.B.) 



134. What remarkable change do 

 plants show when they are grown in 

 the dark? (S.K.E.) 



135. When any vegetable material is 

 burned, what constituents go off as 

 gas? What are left behind? (S.K.E.) 



136. Describe the method by which 

 the importance of the various mineral 

 constituents of a plant's food has 

 been most satisfactorily ascertained. 

 (S.K.E.) 



137. What parts of a green plant are 



