BIOGRAPHICAL. xlvii 
found since—certainly not of late. He is so specific 
that no doubt can be entertained as to its existence 
there a hundred years ago. He says that in a little 
loch on Knitchen Hill, Rousay, there was a plant 
hike a sparganium, but not in flower. Its leaves 
were more like Pow fluwitans, with floating leaves. 
It differed from sparganiwm in having narrower, 
coarser, and longer leaves. This description agrees 
very well with the sparganium growing in a small 
loch along the road from Hoy to Rackwick, which 
is now designated by the name Sparganium affine, 
var. macrocephalum. The Rev. A. Marshall dis- 
covered it in 1910. Some day Hypericum elodes 
will turn up, to the delight of Orcadian botanists. 
Dr. CLOUSTON. 
The next extension of the list of plants indigenous 
to Orkney was made by Charles Clouston, LL.D., one 
of the most active of naturalists and one who did 
more for the advancement of his own generation in 
Orkney in a knowledge of Science than any other 
Orcadian. He was a son of the parish minister of 
Stromness; was born in 1800, ordained in 1826, 
became minister of Sandwick in 1832, and died in 
1885, after a lifetime full of good and profitable work 
—an example to all who have spare time to devote to 
projects of utility. He was minister of a large parish, 
medical adviser to most of his parishioners, for he was 
an L.C.S.E. and meteorologist for the long period of 
58 years, but still he found time to devote to the 
study of botany, geology, and local antiquities. In 
addition to these varied activities, he was the guiding 
