SEEDS AND FRUITS. 137 
b. Many-seeded.—Splitting fruits (schizocarps). Sepa- 
rate into one-seeded parts (mericarps), resembling 
nuts or achenes. Zz. Maple, parsnip, carrot, 
carraway (2), Indian-cress (3), forget-me-not, 
borage, dead nettle (4), geranium (5) (fig. 57), 
mallows (many). A winged mericarp, as in 
maple, is a samara (fig. 58). 
2. Dehiscent.—Pericarp opens when ripe to liberate the 
seeds, which are usually numerous, and enclosed by 
hard or thick coats. 
a. Follicle, of one carpel, superior. Dehisces along 
the ventral suture. Hz. Larkspur, columbine, 
marsh marigold, pony. 
b. Pod or Legume.—Like (a), but dehiscing dorsally 
as well (c7. fig. 48, D). zx. Papilionaceous 
flowers, as pea, bean, gorse, and broom. 
Fie. 57.—Splitting Fruit Fic. 58.—Samaras of Sycamore. 
of Geranium. 
c. Siliqgua, of two carpels, superior, cavity divided 
into two by a spurious dissepiment or replum (cf. 
p. 105). Placentation parietal. Hx. Wallflower, 
stock, cabbage. 
d. Siicula.—A short, broad siliqua. Ez. Shepherd’s 
purse. , 
e. Capsule, of two or more carpels. Dehisces— 
(a.) Longitudinally (fig. 59), with formation of 
teeth or valves for a greater or less distance 
from the top. If the constituent carpels 
separate where united, the capsule is 
septicidal, and when there are more than 
one loculus, this means splitting of the 
dissepiments. x. Gentian (one loculus) 
