156 APPENDIX ON PRACTICAL WORK. 
parts usually in 5’s. Placentation, generally free-central. Fruit, 
usually a capsule. 
Exs. —Chickweed, stitchwort, campion, ragged-robin, pink, 
carnation. 
Order 6.—Malvacez.—Undershrubs or herbs. Leaves, scattered, 
stipulate. lowers, regular. Calyx, frequently with epicalyx. 
Stamens, monadelphous, branched. Gynecvum, synearpous. Fruit, 
a splt-fruit with numerous parts, 
xs.—Mallow, hollyhock. 
Order 7.—Geraniaceze.—Herbs. Floral formula, Ca5,Co5,An5+5, 
Gn ©. Ovary, with a beak-like projection. fruit, a split fruit. 
Hxs.—Geranium, pelargonium. 
Series (2).—Calyciflore. , 
Order 1.—Leguminose.—Leaves, usually scattered, compound, and 
stipulate. Flowers, perigynous, and generally irregular. Sepals, 
5, the odd one anterior. Corolla, usually papilionaceous. Stamens, 
generally 10, mon- or diadelphous. Gynecvwm, superior. Carpels, 
I, anterior. rut, a legume. 
Lxs.—Gorse, broom, lupin, laburnum, clover, bird’s-foot tre- 
foil, vetch, bean, pea. 
Order 2.—Rosacexe.—Leaves, scattered, usually stipulate. Flowers, 
perigynous, regular, Sepals, generally 5, the odd one posterior. 
Stamens indefinite. Gynecium, apocarpous, superior. 
Hxs.—Rose, meadow-sweet, japonica, peach, apricot, plum, 
cherry, laurel (cherry 1.), sloe, lady’s mantle, cinquefoil, 
strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, hawthorn, pear, apple, 
mountain ash (rowan). 
Order 3.—Onagracez.—Herbs or shrubs. Leaves,exstipulate. Flowers, 
epigynous, usually regular ; parts in 4’s. Calyx, often petaloid, 
with along tube. Gyneciwm, syncarpous, superior. Placentation, 
axile. 'ruzt, a capsule or berry. 
xs.—Willow herb, evening primrose, enchanter’s nightshade, 
fuchsia. 
Order 4.—Umbelliferee.—Herbs. Stem, generally fistular. Leaves, 
scattered, exstipulate, sheathing at base, generally deeply divided. 
Inflorescence, an umbel. lowers, epigynous, usually regular. 
Floral formula, Ca 5, Co 5, Ans5,Gne@ Calyx, very small. Fruit, — 
a splitting-fruit, dividing into two. 
ixs.—Hemlock, celery, carraway, fennel, coriander, parsley, 
parsnip, carrot. 
Sub-class 3.—Gamopetale or Corollifiore. 
Series (1).—Hypogyne. 
Order 1.—Boraginacesz.—Hispid herbs. Leaves, scattered, entire, ex- 
stipulate. Inflorescence, cymose, helicoid. lowers, generally 
regular. Floral formula, Ca 5, Co 5, An 5, Gn ®. Stamens, 
epipetalous. Carpels, lateral. Ovary, 4-lobed. fruit, a splitting 
fruit, separating into 4. 
kixs.—Bugloss, borage, comfrey, forget-me-not. 
