176 
Ox-lip, 125. 
Oxygen, 3, 5, 10, II, 19; 71, 143, 160. 
Oyster, 4. 
YP. 
PACIFIC, 141. 
Peeony, 137, 155+ 
Palate, go. 
Pale; srry. 
Palm, 21, 56. 
Palmate, 59, 60. : 
Palmately ; p. cleft, 59; p. divided, 59 ; p. 
lobed, 59; p. parted, 59. 
Panicle, 79, 80, 100, 117. 
Pansy, 63, 75, 76, 88, 96, 104, 121, 127, 150, 
T5h- 
Papaveraceze, 155. 
Papilla, 107. 
Pappus, 141, 157- 
Parallel-veined, 56, 152. 
Parasite, 3, 64, 71- 
Parenchyma, 14, 19, 31, 36, 41, 42, 67, 98, 
135; palisade p., 65, 66, 68; spongy p., 
66, 67, OI. 
Parietal, 105, 137, 154, 1555 P- layer, 32. 
Parsley, 156. 
Parsnip, 79, 106, 119, 142, 156. 
Parted, 59. 
Partial; p. involucre, 79; p. peduncle, 76. 
Passiflora (see Passion-flower). 
Passion-flower, 27, 45- 
Patchouli, 62. 
Path-pointer, 122. 
Pea, 61, 82, 88, 95, 100, 101, 102, 106, 114, 
127, 135) 137) 143, 150, 156. 
Peach, 113, 139, 156. 
Pea-flower family (see Leguminosez). 
eat, 30,0050. 
Pedicel, 76, 78, 117, 147- 
Peduncle, 74, 76, 85, 102, 112, 115, 140, 142, 
I47. 
Peel, 139. 
Peeling ; of potatoes, 26; of twigs, 4o. 
Pelargonium, 28, 85, 156. 
Peltate, 58. 
Pendent, 99, 123, 147: 
Pendulous, 77, 106, 113, 116, 123. 
Penknife, 74, 145. 
Pentastemon, 94, 97, 157+ 
Pepper-castor, 31. 
Perennials, 14, 23, 41, 42, 48, 146, 148, 149. 
Perfoliate, 58. 
Perianth, 74, 81, 83-91, 92, 99, I13, 115, 
116, I17, 118, 119, 126, 140, 142. 
Pericarp, 136, 137, 139, 140. 
Perigynous, 81, 84, 85, 87, 95, 101, 113, 136, 
159, 151, 153) 156. 
Perisperm, 131, 133. 
Periwinkle, 54. 
Permanent slides, 160. 
Persistent, 86. 
Personate, go, 113- 
Petal, 74, 75, 76, 82, 83, 85, 86-91, 93, 94, 95, 
103; TIO}, WLS, ) L22 yE2s, 12759 F507 er 5e, 
154, 155, 156, 157- 
Petaloid, 76, 86, 87, 88, rz0, 125, 126, 156. 
Petaloideze, 152, 154. 
Petiole, 52, 53-54,756, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 665 
description of, 147. 
Petunia, 157. 
Phanerogams (see Flowering plants). 
INDEX. 
Phloém (see Bast). 
Phosphates, 10, 160. 
Phosphorus, 5, 1o. 
Phylloclade, 27, 42. 
Phyllode, 53, 54, 63; 70: 
Phyllotaxis, 49-51, 83, 147, 149. 
Physiology; elementary, 8-103 of root, 
17-20; of stem, 41-45; of foliage leaf, 
66-73 ; of flower, 111-131; of seeds and 
fruits, 140-143; practical, 160. 
Pigment, g1. 
Pilose, 28. 
Pimpernel (see Scarlet p., Water p.). 
Pine 21, LOsty ee 
Pineapple, 135. 
Pink, 21, 49, 87, 100, 105, 124, 129, 138, 156. 
Pinnate, 59, 60, 61, 63. 
Pinnately; p. cleft, 59; p. divided, 59; p. 
lobed, 593; p. parted, 59, 62; p. veined, 
_ 58; 573 59- 
Pins, 145. 
Pinus (see Fir). 
Pip, 132, 136, 141. 
Pistil, 81, 83, 85, 92, 115, 122, 124, 128, 120, 
152, 153) 154, 155, 156, 157, 158; de- 
scription of, 148, 151. 
Pistillate, 94. 
Pit, 32, 33, 55; bordered pit, 35; p. mem- 
brane, 32, 33. 
Pitcher-plants, 4, 54, 62, 71. 
Pith, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 40 42, 152, 159. 
Placenta, ror, 102, 104, 106, 107. 
Placentation, 102, 104, 105, 106, 137, 154, 
155, 156, 157, 1583; Gescription of, 151. 
Plaited, 49. 
Plane, antero-posterior p. (see Median) ; 
lateral p., 82; median p., 52, 82; 
oblique p., 82. 
Plank, 39. 
Plantago (see Plantain). 
Plantain, 57, 78, 93, 117, 118, 138. 
Plants, how differing from animals, 2-4; 
aquatic p., 11, 18, 19, 23, 43, 68, 112, 
115, 140; climbing p., 8, 24; creeping 
p., 243 flowering: p.,32, 1omeumeae 
flowerless p., 2; green p., 11 3 insecti- 
vorous or carnivorous p., 3, 54, 61-62, 
71, 73) 112, 1143 land p., 17, 19, 43, 69, 
70; marsh p., 23; multicellular p., 8, 
12; unicellular p., 8. 
Plum, 42, 139, 156. 
Plumbago, 84, 112, 142. 
Plumule, 132, 133, 142, 143. 
Pod, 102, 137, 140. 
Point, growing (see Growing-point). 
Pollen, 74; 75, 92; 96, 97, 99, ILI, 114-131 ; 
p. canal, 107, 114; p. grain, 98, 109, 
114, 116, 118, 123, 131, 15835 Pp. Sac, 98, 
109, 152; p. tube, 114, 115, 125. 
Pollination, 114, 140, 151; by birds, 1303 
cross, 115-130; by insects, 118-130; 
self, 115, 130-131 ; by water, 115; by 
wind, 115-118, 120. 
Pollinium, 97, 130. 
Polyadelphous, g5. 
Polyanthus, 125, 157. 
Polycarpellary, ror. 
Polygamous, gg. 
Polygonacee, 155. 
Polygonum amphibium, 112, 
Polypetale, 153, 155, 156. 
Polypetalous, 87, 88, 114, 153. 
