CHARACE^E. 201 



Euss. Reich. 1845, dritte liefer, p. 15. Kiiiz. Phyc. Gen. p. 321 ; Phyc. Germ. 



p. 260 ; Sp. Alg. p. 526 ; and Tab. Phyc. Vol. VII. p. 29, t. 74, f. i. Baling, in 



Ann. Nat. Hist. 1850, Vol. V. p. 90 ; and Man. ed. 8, p. 472. Wallm. in Kongl. 



Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1854, p. 317. Nordst. in Anderss. Bot. Notiser, 1863, 



p. 51. Wahlst. Monog. Sver. Norg. Char. p. 30. E. & J. Groves in Journ. Bot. 



1880, p. 130, t. 207, f. 5. 

 C. latifolia, Willd. in Gesellschaft Nat. Freunde zu Berlin Mag. Vol. III. p. 299. Hook. 



Lond. Journ. Bot. 1842, Vol. I. p. 43; and Icon. PI. Vol. VI. t. 532. 

 C. ceratophylla, Wallr. Annus Bot p. 192, t. v. Bruz. Obs. Char. p. 20. Agardh, 



Syst. Alg. p. 127. Hornemann, Fl. Danica, t. 1654. Bischoff, Krypt. Gewachse, 



t. i. f. 16 ; and Handbk. Bot. Term, und Syst. t. 57, f. 2816. Kiitz. Phyc. Gener. 



p. 321 ; Phyc. Germ. p. 260 ; Sp. Alg. p. 526 ; and Tab. Phyc. Vol. VII. p. 29, 



t. 73. Ganterer, Osterr. Char. p. 16, t. ii. f. x. xi. Wallm. in Kongl. Vet. Akad. 



Handl. Stockb. 1854, p. 318. Wahlst. Bidr. Skand. Char. p. 34. Leonhardi in 



Brunn Verhandl. Vol. II. p. 197. A. Braun in Ann. Sciences Nat. 2nd ser. 



Vol. I. p. 355 ; Consp. Char. Europ. p. 5 ; in Flora, 1835, Vol. I. p. 65 ; Schweiz. 



Char. p. 18 ; in Colin, Krypt. Fl. Schles. Vol. I. p. 404 ; and Fragm. Monog. Char. 



p. 139. Midler in Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve, 1881, p. 60. Sydow, Europ. Char. 



p. 66. 



Dioecious. Dark green, or greenish-grey, or even greenish-white 

 from being encrusted with carbonate of lime. Stem stout and 

 somewhat translucent when not encrusted, but opaque from having a 

 thick covering of carbonate of lime when growing in fresh water, 

 conspicuously spirally striate from being clothed with twice as many 

 cortical cells as there are branchlets in the whorl, and with scattered 

 ovate-conical or ovoid apiculate spine-cells, situated on the primary 

 cortical cells (i.e. those which correspond to the branchlets). 

 Stipule-cells in 2 whorls (sometimes 3, Braun), ovate-ovoid, acuminated, 

 resembling the spine-cells, but smaller. Branchlets 5 to 7 in a whorl 

 ("mostly 6," Braun), moderately long, stout, often incurved, 4- to 6- 

 jointed, clothed with cortical cells, except 1 to 3 joints at the apex 

 which are naked and larger, pellucid, oblong or cylindrical, some- 

 times tipped by a small cell resembling the spine-cells. Bracts 

 mostly 5 in a whorl, unequal, oval-ovoid or oblong-ovoid or cylin- 

 drical, mostly acute and apiculate ; the lateral ones longer than the 

 nucules, 3 before it shorter or rudimentary. Nucules in the axils 

 of the bracts of 1 or 2, rarely 3, of the lowest nodes of the branch! et, 

 oval-ovoid, 12- to 14-striate, with a conspicuous spreading-erect 

 persistent crown. Globules on a separate plant from that bearing 

 nucules, much more common than nucules. 



In fresh and salt water, very rare. Belvedere Lake, West Meath, 

 found by Dr. D. Moore in 1 841 ; and afterwards found by him in 



VOL. XII. 2 D 



