210 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



more numerous and fasciculated spine-cells in the upper part ; the 

 stipule-cells are more developed, the branches have more of the joints 

 clothed with cortical cells, the bracts are more numerous at each 

 node, and the nucules are broader in proportion to their length. 



The form or variety horrida, and the variety or subspecies 

 pseudocrinita, especially the latter, bear considerable resemblance to 

 the larger states of 0. crinita ; but their stems are stouter, and have 

 more numerous cortical cells than in crinita; the branchlets are 

 stouter, the bracts more unequal and less spine-like ; the nucules are 

 larger, more deeply striate and with a larger crown, and each 

 accompanied by a globule. 



\_C. rudis, Braun, is a slight form in which the secondary cortical 

 cells are more prominent than usual. 



Another trifling variety of this variable species, which will probably 

 be found to occur, is C. papillosa, Kiitz. (6 T . intermedia, Braun). It is 

 like typical 0. hispida, but has the primary cortical cells more pro- 

 minent than the secondary ones, and few spine-cells, which are some- 

 times minute and papilliform, sometimes spine-like. Braun quotes C. 

 aculeolata, Kiitz. as one of the synonyms of his 0. intermedia ; but to 

 judge from Kiitzing's figure, and a specimen at Kew named by 

 Braun, it belongs rather to the var. pseudocrinita. As so many other 

 characters of Characeae are found to be inconstant, it is probable that 

 the relative prominence of the cortical cells is likewise so, and that 

 some of the so-called varieties or species are but states of one plant ; 

 this requires deciding by careful experimental cultivation.] 



Bristly Chara. 



[D. Stem clothed with three times as many rows of cortical cells as 

 there are branchlets in a whorl ; stipule-cells in two whorls, all setaceous, 

 or the lower whorl or both whorls often rudimentary^ 



SPECIES VIII.— C HARA ASPERA. Willd. 

 Plate 1919. 



Braun, Rabenh. & Siiz. Char. Europ. Exsicc. Nos. 11, 12, 50, 74a, b, c, 98, 99, 111, 116. 



Nordst. & Walilst. Char. Scand. Exsicc. Nos. 106, 107, 108, a, b, c, 109a, b, 110, 111, 

 112a, b, 113, 114. 



Chara aspera, Willd. in Gesellschaft Nat. Freunde zu Berlin Mag. Vol. III. p. 298. 

 Wallr. Annus Bot. p. 185. t. vi. f. 3. Agardh, Syst. Alg. p. 130. Bruzel, Obs. Char, 

 pp. 12 and 22. Greville, Scottish Crypt. Fl. Vol. VI. p. 45, t. 339. Wilson in 

 Suppl. to Engl. Bot. 1834, Vol. II. No. 2738. A. Braun in Ann. Sciences Nat. 2nd 

 ser. Vol. I. p. 356 ; in Flora, 1835, Vol. I. p. 71 ; Schweiz. Char. p. 20 ; Consp. 

 Char. Europ. p. 6 ; in Monatsber. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, 1867, p. 923 ; in Colin, 

 Krypt. Fl. Schles. Vol. I. p. 408 ; and Fragm. Monog. Char. p. 174. Coss. & Germ. 

 Fl. Envir. Par. ed. i. p. 680 ; and Atlas pi. 38, f. d ; ed. ii. p. 891 ; and Atlas, pi. 



