OEGAJTS OF EEPEODrCTION. 315 



formed, the fruit is one-celled. This fniit is illustrated by the 

 Melon, Gourd, Cucumber, Elaterium, and other Cucurbitacese. 

 The fruit of the Papaw-Tree resembles a pepo generally, except 

 in being superior. 



3. The Pome is an inferior, indehiscent, two or more celled, 

 few-seeded, fleshy fruit ; the endocarp of which is papery, car- 

 tilaginous, or bony, and surrounded by a fleshy mass consisting 

 of mesocarp and epicarp, which is generally considered to be 

 formed by the cohesion of the general parenchyma of the ovary 

 with the tube of the calyx. Examples may be seen in the 

 Apple (^fig. 705), Pear, Quince {fig. 457), Medlar, Hawthorn, 

 &c. By some botanists, the outer fleshy portion is considered 



Fig. 705. Fig. 706. 



Fig. 705. Vertical section of the pome or fruit of the Apple {Pynis Mains). 

 Fig. 706. Vertical section of the balausta or fruit of the Pome- 

 granate. 



as an enlarged concave thalamus like that of the Eose {fig. 

 437), and the bony or cartilaginous cells are then regarded as 

 distinct carpels, the walls of which are formed of the three 

 layers of the pericarp completely united and undistinguishable. 

 4. The Balausta is an inferior, many-celled, many-seeded, 

 indehiscent fruit, with a tough pericarp. It is formed of two rows 

 of carpels placed above each other, and surrounded by the calyx, 

 and the seeds are attached irregidarly to the walls or centre. 

 The Pomegranate fruit {fig. 706) is the only example. 



2. Fbuits formed by the combixatton of sevebax 

 Plowees. 



These fruits are commonly termed Anthocarpo^is, as they con- 

 sist not only of the carpels or ovaries of several flowers united, 

 but also usually of the bracts and floral envelopes in combina- 

 tion with them. They have been also called Midtiplc, Aggregate, 

 or Collective fruits, and the two former terms have also been ap- 

 plied in a different sense, as mentioned under the head of Apo- 

 carpous fruits. The following anthocarpous or collective fruits 

 have received distinctive names ; — 



