366 



ORGANOGRAPHY. 



or o<yphoridia{figs. 798 and 801), and ihelAttfiV pollen- sporangia 

 {figs. 799 and 800). The contents of the former are generally termed 

 large spores or macrospores {fig. 801), those of the latter small 

 spores or microsfores {fig. 800). It is greatly to be regretted that a 

 uniform nomenclature should not be adopted with the repro- 

 ductive organs of the Crypt ogam ous Plants by using the same 

 terms in the different families for homologous organs. 



The oosporangia or oophoridia are usually two-valved cases 

 {figs. 798 and 801) with four lobes, each of which contains one 

 large spore. The oosporangium is commonly only one-celled, but 

 in some genera it is two, three, or many-celled. 



The antheridia or pollen-sporangia are somewhat reniform, 

 two-ralved cases {fig. 799 and 800), containing a large number 

 of small spores {microspores), in which antherozoids or sperma^ 

 tozoids are ultimately produced. 



In Lycopodi^tm and some other Lycopodiacese, only one kind 

 of spore case has been found, which is of the nature of the 

 antheridium or pollen-sporangium. 



The large spores are considered by Hofmeister and others as 

 the analogues of the ovules. The antheridia are therefore to 

 be considered as the male organs, and the oosporangia as the 

 female. 



In germination, the large spore produces a prothallium in its 

 interior, thus resembling the Marsileacese ; in this archegonia 

 are soon developed, in which an embryo, and ultimately a new 

 plant, is produced. 



5. Musci OK Mosses. — The reproductive organs of this vast 

 order of Cryptogamous Plants are of two kinds, which are called 

 antheridia {fig. 802), and archegonia or pistillidia {fig. 803). 



Fig. 802. 



Fig. 803. 



Fig. ^02. Aiitlieridiuni,a, of the 

 Hair-Moss (PoJj/fric/iMw), con- 

 taining a iiumlier of cells, c. 

 In each of which there is a 

 single antherozoicl, phytozoon, 

 or spermcUozoid. p. Para- 

 phyaes, surrounding the 



antlieridiura. Fig. 803. 



Archegoniuin or pistillidium 

 of a moss surrounded hy 

 paraphyses. 



These are surrounded by leaves, which are usually of a different 

 form and arrangement to those of the stem, which are called 

 perich(stial {fig. 805,/), and in some Mosses they have, in ad- 

 dition to the perichsetial leaves, another covering formed of three 



