THALAMIFLOE^. 493 



stigma 5-lobed, Fruit drupaceous, 5-celled, or fewer-celled by 

 abortion. Seed with a narrow embryo lying in fleshy albumen, 

 orthotropal. 



Distribution, ^'c. — Natives of tropical America. Examples of 

 the Genera: — Humirium, Vantanea. There are 18 species. 



Properties and Uses. — A balsamic yellow oily liquid, called 

 Balsam of Umiri, is obtained from the incised stem oi Humirium 

 flaribundum; this is reputed to resemble Copaiba in its proper- 

 ties. The bark is used by the Brazilians as a perfume. Other 

 species are also said to yield useful balsamic liquids. The so- 

 called balsamic liquid found in plants of this order, is probably 

 not a true balsam, but an oleo-resin resembling Wood Oil and 

 Copaiba. 



Natural Order 59. Eutace^, — The Eue Order. — C h a r a ct er. 

 Trees, shrubs, or rarely herbs. Leaves exstipulate, opposite or 

 alternate, simple or pinnated, dotted. Flowers per- 

 fect {fff. 564), regular or irregular. Cali/x having Fig. 903. 

 4 — 5 segments {Jigs. 564 and 597), imbricated. 

 Petals equal in number to the divisions of the calyx 

 {Jigs. 564 and 597), or wanting, rarely combined so 

 as to form a monopetalous corolla ; cestivation usually 

 twisted, rarely valvate. Stamens equal in number, 

 or twice {Jigs. 564 and 597), or thrice as many as the 

 petals, or rarely fewer by abortion, inserted on the 

 outside of a cup-shaped hypogynous disk {Jig. 564). ^^g ^^^^ 

 Ovary sessile {Jig. 597), or supported on a stalk ticai section 

 {Jig. 610); it is composed of from 2 to 5 carpels, ''I 'h ^ con^ 

 which are either distinct, or united so as to form mem Rue 

 a compound ovary having as many cells as there li^'f^jc-) ^^"'' 

 are component carpels; style simple {Jig. 597), or 

 divided towards the base; ovzdes 2, 4, or rarely more, in each 

 cell. Fruit capsular, its carpels either coherent, or more or 

 less distinct. Seeds solitary or in pairs; albumeti present or 

 absent ; radicle superior {Jig. 903). 



Diagnosis. — Leaves exstipulate, dotted. Flowers perfect. 

 Calyx and corolla with a quaternary or quinary distribution of 

 their parts ; the former with an imbricated aestivation, the latter 

 twisted or valvate, and sometimes wanting. Stamens equal in 

 number, or twice or thrice as many as the petals, or fewer, in- 

 serted on the outside of a hypogynous disk. Ovary of from 2 — 5 

 carpels, separate or combined, either sessile or elevated upon a 

 stalk ; ovules sessile. Fruit capsular. Embryo with a superior 

 radicle. Albumen present or absent. 



Division of the Order, and Examples of the Genera. — The 

 Kutacege have been divided into 2 sub-orders, as follows : — 



Sub-order 1. Eute<B. — Seeds containing albumen. Fruit with 

 the sarcocarp and endocarp combined. Example : — Ruta. 



