518 



SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. 



Aloe Wood, and also of a volatile oil obtained from it. This must not be 

 confounded with the true Lign- Aloes of the Bible (see Aleoxylon). 



Jcica. — /. Icicariba is supposed to yield Brazilian Elemi. Other species pro- 

 duce somewhat analogous fragrant resins, as /, Carana, the source of Ameri- 

 can Balm of Gilead, /. heterophylla, the plant yielding Balsam of Acouchi, 

 /. heptaphylla, &c. /. altissima furnishes the Cedar-wood of Guiana, of which 

 there are BeTe^al varieties. It is chiefly used for making canoes. 



Natural Order 80. Leguminos^ ob Fabace^. — The Legu- 

 minous Order {figs. 914 — 917). — Character. — Herbs, shrubs, 

 or trees. Leaves alternate, stipulate, usually compound {figs. 249, 

 351, and 354). Calyx {figs. 914, s, and 915, c) monosepalous, 

 inferior, more or less deeply divided into 5 parts, the odd division 



Fig. 914. 



Fig. 915. 



Fig. 916. 



Fig. 914. Diagram of the flower of the Garden Pea {Pisum sativum'), s. 

 Sepals, ps. Superior petal, pi, pi. Inferior petals, pi, pi. Lateral pe- 

 tals, c, e«. Stamens, c. Carpel. Fig. &15. The flower of the same. et. 



Standard or vexlllum. ai. Wings or aire. car. Carina or keel enclosing 



tlie essential organs, c. Cnlyx. Fig. 916. The essential organs of the 



same surrounded by the calyx c. es. Bundle of nine stamens, el. 



Solitary stamen, si. Style and stigma. Fig. 917, The fruit of the 



same, with one valve removed. 



being anterior. Petals wsnally 5 {fig. 914), or sometimes by 

 abortion 4, 3, 2, 1, or none, inserted into the base of the calyx, 

 equal or unequal, often papilionaceous {fig. 915) ; the odd petal, 

 if any, posterior {fig. 914,^5). Stamens definite {figs. 914 and 

 916), or indefinite, usually perigynous, rarely hypogynous, dis- 

 tinct or coherent in 1, 2 {figs. 538 and 916), or rarely 3 bundles; 

 anthers versatile. Ovary superior, usually formed of 1 carpel 

 {figs. 589 and 914), although rarely of 2 or 5 ; 1-celled, with 1, 

 2, or many ovules ; style and stigma simple {figs. 589 and 916). 

 Fruit usually a legume {figs. 654, and 675 — 677), sometimes a 

 lomentum {figs. 672 and 678), and rarely a drupe. Seeds 1 or 

 more, sometimes arillate, attached to the upper or ventral suture 

 {fig. 917) ; albumen absent or present; embryo {fig. 14) straight, 

 or with the radicle folded upon the cotyledons; cotyledons leafy 

 or fleshy, and either hypogeal or epigeal. 

 Diagnosis. — Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves nearly always 



