CAT.yClFLOR^. 529 



437), or a pome {figs. 457 and 705). Seeds 1 {figs. 924 and 925) 

 or few {fig. 4lo7), exalbuminons ; embryo {fig. 924) straight, 

 with flat cotyledons. 



Diagnosis. — Trees, shrubs, or herbs, with alternate leaves. 

 Plowers regular. Calyx 4 — 5-lobed ; when 5, the odd lobe pos- 

 terior. Petals 5 or none. Stamens perigynous, distinct ; anthers 

 2-celled, innate. Carpels one or more, usually distinct, or some- 

 times united, generally superior, or occasionally more or less 

 inferior. Seeds 1 or few, exalbuminous ; embryo straight. 



Division of the Order, and Examjiles of the Genera. — The order 

 Eosacese, as above defined, may be divided into five sub-orders, 

 which are by some botanists considered as distinct orders. They 

 are characterised as follows : — • 



Sub-order 1. Chrysohalanea. — Trees or shrubs, with simple 

 leaves, and free stipules. Carpel solitary, cohering more or 

 less on one side with the calyx ; ovules 2, erect ; style basilar. 

 Pruit a drupe. Seed erect. Examples : Chrysobalanus, Mo- 

 quilea. 



Sub-order 2. Amygdalece or Drupacece. — Trees or shrubs, with 

 simple leaves, and free stipules. Calyx deciduous. Carpel 

 solitary, not adherent to the calyx ; style terminal. Fruit a 

 drupe. Seed suspended. Examples: Amygdalus, Prunus. 



Sub-order 3. Rosecs. — Shricbs or herbs, with simple or com- 

 pound leaves, and adherent stipules. Carpels 1 or more, supe- 

 rior, not united to the tube of the calyx, distinct, or sometimes 

 more or less coherent ; styles lateral, or nearly terminal. Frxiit 

 either an etserio, or consisting of several follicles. Seed usually 

 suspended, or rarely ascending. Examples: Rosa, Eubus, 

 Brayera, Quillaia. 



Sub-order 4. Sanguisorbew. — Herbs or undershrtcbs. Plowers 

 often unisexual. Petals frequently absent. Carpel solitary ; 

 style terminal or lateral. Pruit an achaenium inclosed in the 

 tube of the calyx ; which is often indurated. Seed solitary, 

 suspended or ascending. Examples: Alchemilla, Sanguisorba. 



Sub-order 5. TomecB. — Trees or shrubs, with simple or compound 

 leaves, and free stipules. Carpels 1 to 5, adhering more or less 

 to each other and to the sides of the calyx, and thus becoming 

 inferior; styles terminal. Pruit a pome, 1 — 5-celled, or rarely 

 spuriously 10-celled. Seeds ascending. Exainples : Cydonia, 

 Pyrus, Crataegus. 



Distribution and Numbers. — The Chrysobalanecs are principally 

 natives of the tropical parts of America and Africa. The Amygdalets 

 are almost exclusively found in the cold and temperate regions 

 of the northern hemisphere. The Rosea; and SanguAsorbea are 

 also chiefly natives of cold and temperate climates, although a 

 few are found within the tropics. The Fomece occur only in the 



M M. 



