CALTCIFLOEJ;. 



55'i 



pendulous (/«/. 942) ; cmlryo minute at the base of abundant 

 horny albumen {fitj. 942); radicle pointing towards the hilum. 



Diagnosis. — Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate, usually com- 

 pound and sheathing at the base, or sometimes simple, exstipulate. 

 Flowers almost always arranged in a more or less umbellate 

 manner. Calyx superior. Petals and stamens 5, inserted on the 



Fig. 939. Fig. 940. 



F'tg. 939. a. General urabel of Fool's 

 Parsley {^tliusa Cynapium), in 

 fruit, b. One of the umbellules, 

 showing the S-leaved partial 



pendulous Involuce!. Fig. 940. 



A side view of the ripe fruit of 

 the Hemlock (^Conium macula- 

 trim). Fig. 941. Trausverse sec- 

 tion of the fruit of the same. Fig. 

 942. yenical section of one of 

 the halves (if the fruit (mericarp). 

 The letters refer to the same parts 

 in the three last figures, a, a. 

 Ridges, h, b. Channels, d. Albu- 

 men. /.Embryo. </. Kemains of the styles. A. Axis. i. Prolonged axis 

 or carpophore. 



outside of a double fleshy disk which crowns the oyary. Ovary 

 inferior, 2-celled, with a solitary pendulous ovule in each cell; 

 styles 2. Fruit consisting of two indehiscent carpels, which, 

 separate, when ripe, from a common axis or carpophore. Seeds, 

 pendulous, one in each carpel, with a minute embryo at the 

 base of abundant horny albumen. 



Dr. Seemanu, who has intimately studied the plants of this 

 order and those of the Araliacecie, has recently proposed to elimi- 

 nate from the Umbelliferfe all those plants which possess valvate 

 petals, and certain other characters derived from their fruit, and 

 to place them in a distinct order under the name of Hederacese. As 

 his views have not as yet been generally accepted by s^-stematic 

 botanists, the above character of the order Umbelliferfe is best 

 retained in a work which is more especially intended for students. 



Division of the Order, and Examples of the Genera. — ^The order 

 has been divided into three sections or sub-orders, from the 



