292 



STRUCTURE OF CAPSULE 



inside, by loose chlorophyll-bearing cells which extend down to 

 the base of the capsule where chlorenchyma and stomata are 

 developed. This lower region of the capsule, the apophysis, is 



Fig. 210. The mature sporophyte of Polytrichiim: 1, moss plant bearing 

 sporophyte. 1^4, calyptra removed, showing capsule, which has curved to 

 one side. 2, capsule, the calyptra, 2A, removed, showing the operculum or 

 Ud 'and the enlarged apophysis, a, at base. 2S, capsule with operculum re- 

 moved, showing the teeth-like peristome and the epiphragm, which has 

 been lifted up at one side. 3, section of nearly mature capsule — sp, cyl- 

 inder of spore-forming cells that is surrounded on its inner and outer sides 

 by loosely arranged chlorophyll cells; 0, operculum; r, annulus; p, peri- 

 stome; e, epiphragm; a, apophysis. 3/I, stoma of apophysis. 3S, cross- 

 section of capsule — sp, spore-forming cells. ^A, portion of mouth of cap- 

 sule, showing position of peristome and epiphragm in dry weather. ^B, 

 peristome pressed down on epiphragm, closing the capsule in damp weather. 

 — H. O. Hanson. 



