CLIMATE AND SPECIES. if 
Our next zone in the ascending scale is the Super-agrarian, 
where Rhamnus and Cornus disappear and Pteris and cultivation 
reach their limit. The zone includes the higher levels from 
about 1,100 feet in the central part of the County and 900 feet 
in the Peak, to about 1,800 feet. Characteristic plants are 
Ilex aquifolium, reaching to 1,700 feet; Crateagus oryacantha, 
1,350 feet; Rubus fruticosus, 1,150 feet; Lonicera periclymenum, 
900 feet; Fraxinus excelsior, 1,350 feet ; Digitalis, nearly to the 
limit; Quercus robur, 1,200 feet. Of alpine plants Draba incana 
is found as low as 800 feet, Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi at 1,250 feet, 
Pteris reaches 1,650 feet on Axe Edge, and nearly the same level 
on the moorland above Glossop, whilst at Grinah Stones it 
ascends to 1,800 feet, and near it Rubus chamemorus - descends 
to 1,600 feet. 
Our next and highest zone is the Infer-arctic, where Pteris 
disappears and Hrica tetraliy reaches its limit. This embraces 
the high moorland above the 1,800 feet level, the highest points 
being Bleaklow Stones, 2,060 feet; Kinderscout, 2,031 feet; 
Crowden Head, 2,070 feet; a point near it marked 2,088 feet 
on the Ordnance map; Kinderlow, 2,077 feet; to which may be 
added Axe Edge, 1,810 feet, the source of the Dove and the 
Wye. Characteristic species are Rubus chamemorus, abundant 
south of Bleaklow Hill, and about the sources of the Derwent, 
where, with tussocks of Festuca ovina, it covers the ground to the 
exclusion of other plants; Pyrus aucupuria ; Vaccinium Vitis- 
idea; V. oxycoccos; Arctostaphylos uva-ursi; Andromeda 
polifolia; Calluna vulgaris; Empetrum nigrum, very plentiful 
with Vaccinium Myrtillus on Bleaklow Hill; Listera cordata ; 
Habenaria aliida ; Juncus squarrosus. 
2.—TIMES OF FLOWERING.—Climate exercises consider- 
able influence on the flowering time of plants; the flora of 
Derbyshire, as a whole, maturing later than in counties lying to 
the south of it, whilst within the County the wide altitudinal 
range causes the flowering time to vary as much even as two 
or three ‘weeks in different parts. For example, Stel/aria 
Holostea, which in the plain is out of flower by mid June, was 
