Roses and Apples 27 
two pouches together are reckoned as one anther, 
the pin-like stalk is the filament, and the entire 
organ is called a stamen. I cannot say that the 
authors of these names have been so happy as they 
-were in the case of calyx and corolla, for both stamen 
and filament are from Latin words which alike mean 
threads, and anther is from a Greek word signifying 
flowery. Here is an anther splitting along its edge 
and disclosing the pollen, which is Latin for fine flour. 
So far as appearances go, that also is a good word, 
but if we were to put a little of the pollen 
under the microscope we should find it was 
composed of golden globules, each beauti- 
fully carved and decorated after a definite 
pattern peculiar to the species. I have not 
got a drawing of Rose-pollen to show you, but 
here is a figure of a pollen-grain from the Hollyhock. 
Now we must cut through an open flower and see 
what is below this cushion in the centre. The cushion 
is composed of a number of pzstils with distinct 
heads, from each of which a stalk goes down into the 
receptacle, where it ends in an enlargement called 
a carpel or ovary. The upper part is called the 
style, and ends in the stigma or point. If with 
a fine sharp knife we cut through the ovary, or 
ege-chamber, we shall find a hollow space, in 
which is a tiny white seed-egg or ovule. This 
finishes the cutting and pulling to pieces of the 
Rose-flower. Now let me explain the purpose of these 
several parts. 
Let me tell you first what would happen if one of 
the golden globules of pollen were to be placed upon 
the stigma: a little protuberance would appear on 
Pollen-grain 
Pistil 
