Peas and Clover 145 
the nectar-holes in sucking the flowers in the proper 
way,and then utilised this knowledge in determining 
where to gnaw the hole; or whether they found out 
the best situation by biting. through the standard at 
various points and afterwards remembered its situa- 
tion in visiting other flowers. But in either case 
they show a remarkable power of making use of 
what they have learnt by experience.” 
The general arrangements of Lathyrus are re- 
peated in the true Vetches (Vicia); their habits, too, 
are much the same, most of the species growing in 
fields and hedges; though some, like the Bitter Vetch 
(Vicia orobus) and the Wood Vetch (V. sylvatica), 
frequent rocky woods. The Sain-foin (Onobrychis 
sativa), which is usually found only as an escape from 
cultivation, is an erect-growing perennial with large 
leaves, as much as half a foot in length, and divided 
into as many as a dozen pairs of leaflets. Its 
compact, erect racemes of rosy flowers are very 
ornamental, and prove attractive to bees not only for 
this reason but also because they are well provided 
with honey, the road to which is indicated by a 
number of crimson lines drawn down the standard. 
Although so striking in appearance, the flowers of 
Sain-foin are all defective, in the sense that the wings 
are in a minute undeveloped condition. The free 
stamen, too, is much shorter than the rest, and the 
staminal tube is covered above as well as below by 
the keel. When a bee alights upon the keel and 
presses it down, not only is the pollen pushed out but 
several of the stamens also. In this species the pod 
is curiously semicircular, downy, and netted, contain- 
ing only one seed. 
