CAPRIFOLIACE^— WOODBINE TRIBE 95 



fully of its berries ; and Kalm mentions a fibrous Mistletoe ( Fiscum Jilamento- 

 suih), found in abundance in Carolina, which he says the inhabitants make 

 use of as straw in their beds, and also to adorn their houses. They pack 

 brittle goods with it as with straw, and also use it as fodder for cattle. 

 Our common Mistletoe, he says, grows on the tupelo, or sweet gum-tree, 

 and on the oak and lime, so as to render their summits quite green in the 

 winter. Colonel Munday often mentions the Mistletoe of Australia, which, 

 he tells us, hung upon the trees, and, like vampires, seemed to exhaust the 

 life-blood of the plants on which they fixed their fatal aflfections. He, too, 

 names the gum-tree as a plant on which the parasite grew in great abundance. 

 This writer says : " Early in the morning, when the dew is yet on the leaf, a 

 peculiarly aromatic odour arises from the gum forest. Sometimes I have 

 fancied the scent resembles that of mace, cloves, or pepper, but that of 

 camphor is very general. These balmy and spicy exhalations from the 

 ' medicinal gum,' so different from those of other hot climates where the soil 

 is richer and the vegetation rankly abundant, nmst be a healthful ingredient 

 of the air Ave breathe. Depending from some of the larger gum-trees were 

 the most enormous Mistletoes I ever saw. One or two of the clusters of 

 this parasite were so uniform in shape as to look like a huge chandelier of 

 bronze, for that was their colour, hanging plumb down from some slender 

 twis." 



Order XLII. CAPRIFOLIACEiE— WOODBINE TRIBE. 



Calyx attached to the ovary, and usually having bracts at its base ; 

 corolla regular or irregular, 4 — 5 cleft ; stamens equal in number to the lobes 

 of the corolla, and alternate with them ; ovary 3 — 5 celled ; stigmas 1 — 3 ; 

 fruit usually fleshy, crowned b}' the calyx. This order contains many 

 plants of great beauty, differing much from each other. It consists of shrubs 

 or bushes, and herbaceous plants, wdth opposite leaves. Many very lovely 

 species ornament our gardens, and some, like the Honeysuckle, adorn our 

 native landscape. Excepting some astringency in the bark, however, the 

 plants of this order have no remarkable properties. 



1. Elder (Sambikus). — Calyx 5-cleft ; corolla wheel-shaped, 5-lobed ; 

 stamens 5 ; stigmas 3, sessile ; berry 3 — 4 seeded. Name from the Greek 

 samhuke, a musical instrument, in making which its wood is said to have been 

 used. 



2. GrUELDER EosE {Viburnuw). — Calyx . 5-cleft ; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 5-lobed ; stamens 5 ; stigmas 3, sessile ; berry 1 -seeded. Name, the Latin 

 name of the plant. 



3. Honeysuckle (Lonicera). — Calyx small, 5-toothed; corolla tubular, 

 irregularly 5-cleft ; stamens 5 ; style thread-shaped ; stigma knobl^ed ; beny 

 1 — 3 celled, with several seeds. Named in honour of the German botanist, 

 Adam Lonicer. 



4. LiNNiEA. — Calyx 5-cleft ; corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft, regular; stamens 

 4, two long and toothed ; fruit dry, 3-celled, 1 cell only bearing a perfect 

 seed. Named after Liinuious. 



