212 ERICACEAE 



3. Menziesia. — Calyx deeply 4 — 5-cleft ; corolla inflated; stamens 8 — 10; 

 capsule 4 — 5-celled. Named in memory of Archibald Menzies, a Scottish 

 botanist. 



4. AzAlea — Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft ; stamens 5 ; 

 anthers bursting lengthways ; capsule 2— 3-celled and valved. Name from 

 the Greek, azdleos, parched, from the nature of the places on which it grows. 



5. Andr6meda. — Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; corolla egg-shaped or bell-shaped, 

 Avith a 5-cleft reflexed border; stamens 10; anthers with two awns at the 

 back ; capsule dry, 5-ccllcd. 



6. Strawberry-tree (Jrhutus).—Cii\yx deeply 5-cleft; corolla egg- 

 shaped, falling early ; stamens 10 ; fruit 5-celled, many-seeded. Name 

 from ar, rough, and hoise, a bush, in Celtic. 



7. Bear-berry (Arctosfdphylos). — Calyx deeply 5-cleft; corolla egg- 

 shaped, falling early ; fruit fleshy, 5-celled, one-seeded. Named from arcios, 

 a bear, and staphule, a grape, in allusion to the fruit. 



1. Heath {Erica). 

 * Corolla (jlohose or cup-shaped, stamens included. 



1. Ciliated Heath {E. cilidris). — Leaves 4 in a whorl, egg-shaped, 

 downy above, fringed with hair, the margins rolled over ; flowers in 

 terminal one-sided racemes ; anthers without awns ; mouth of the corolla 

 oblique; perennial. This plant is far more beautiful than any other of 

 our native heaths, having, in June and July, bright crimson flowers of 

 exquisite oblong form, and half an inch in length, growing down the upper 

 part of its stem, while the sepals are most delicately fringed with hairs. The 

 stems are long and straggling, and the foliage of rich green. It is a very 

 local plant, growing on heaths, as at Carclew, in Cornwall, and about 

 Wareham, Dorsetshire. On one or two of the Cornish heath-lands it is as 

 plentiful as the purple species, E. cinerea, is in England generally. A hybrid 

 between this species and the next occurs, and is known as var. watsoni. 



2. Cross-leaved Heath {E. Utralix). — Leaves 4 in a whorl, narrow, 

 fringed ; flowers in terminal heads ; flower-stalks white with down ; 

 perennial. This species is, during July and August, A^ery delicate and 

 pretty, with its drooping cluster of pale pink, wax-like flowers, which are 

 almost white beneath. It is scarcely excelled in loveliness even by the 

 beautiful Heaths cherished in our greenhouses. It is abundant on moors and 

 bogs, sometimes blooming on till late in autumn, having the lower part of 

 its stem much branched, and very leafy, its younger leaves downy on the upper 

 surface, and its style usually included within its pink bell. The arrange- 

 ment of the stamens and pistil is very similar to that of the Whortleberry, 

 already described; but instead of the anthers opening at their tips, those of 

 E. tetralix open by side slits. As the whole series of anthers are pressed 

 close together round the style, these orifices are effectually closed, until the 

 effort of a bee to reach the honey presses upon the awns and dislocates the 

 anther-union, with the result that the pollen falls upon the bee's face. 



3. Mackay's Heath (E. macMii). — Leaves 4 in a whorl, egg-shaped, 

 fringed, smooth above, almost white beneath; flowers in heads somewhat 



