WILLOW FAMILY 455 



silky when young and on the under surface, shining above, with 

 revolute margins and lanceolate or absent stipules ; catkins short 

 on leafy peduncles, with silky scales ; anthers yellow, becoming 

 black ; style short ; capsule stalked. — Heaths ; common. — Fl. 

 April, May. Perennial. 



14. S. landta (Woolly Broad-leaved Willow). — A beautiful little 

 shrub with zigzag branches; downy twigs; large, black, hairy 

 buds ; broadly oval, leathery leaves, shaggy beneath, with large, 

 semicordate stipules ; and catkins with long, golden hairs. — 

 Occurs by mountain streams in the north of Scotland ; rare. — Fl. 

 May, June. Perennial. 



*** Small hushes ; catkins on long, leafy, not deciduous shoots ; 



stamens 2 



15. S. myrsinites (Whortle-leaved Willow). — A small, stiff shrub 

 with silky shoots ; smaU, stiff, dark green, glossy, serrate, short- 

 stalked leaves ; catkin-scales blackish ; capsules hairy. — Highland 

 mountains ; rare. — Fl. June, July. Perennial. 



16. S. herbdcea (Least Willow). — A minute, herb-like shrub with 

 its stems spreading amongst stones or under the turf and sending 

 up short twigs, 2 — 6 in. high, with brown buds ; a few round, 

 blunt, serrate, shining, ciliate leaves ; and small terminal catkins 

 on 2-leaved peduncles. — Lofty mountain tops ; not uncommon. — 

 Fl. June. Perennial. 



17. S. reticulata (Reticulate Willow). — A similar, but larger, 

 buried form, much branched, with leaves strongly netted with 

 veins on both surfaces ; and much larger, subterminal catkins 

 on long, leafy peduncles. — Scottish Highland mountains ; rare. — 

 Fl. June — August. Perennial. 



2. POPULUS (Poplar). — Large trees with broad leaves on long 

 vertically compressed stalks ; drooping catkins with jagged scales ; 

 disk cup-shaped ; stamens 4 — 30, not united ; stigmas 2 — 4-lobed. 

 (Name, the Classical Latin name of the tree, and, in spite of a 

 difference in the quantity of the 0, considered in both ancient . 

 Rome and modern France to be the tree of the people.) 



1. P. alba (White Poplar, Abele). — A large tree with smooth 

 grey bark ; many suckers ; spreading branches ; downy buds and 

 shoots ; leaves cottony and snowy white beneath, cordate, more 

 or less palmately lobed ; stamens 6 — 10; anthers red; stigmas 

 cruciform, yellow. — Damp woods ; frequent, but often planted. — 

 Fl. March, April. Perennial. 



2. P. canescens (Grey Poplar). — Leaves not lobed, with the 

 exception of the youngest, slightly cottony and grey beneath; 

 stigmas 2, wedge-shaped, 2 — 4-lobed, purple. — Damp woods ; not 



