PINE FAMILY 



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Pine, and the Cluster Pine (P. Pinaster) ; Canada balsam, 

 obtained from Abies balsdmea ; Kauri gum. and other ^kinds of 

 Dammar or varnish resin, obtained from species of Aqaihis in 

 the Southern Hemisphere ; the bark of the Hemlock Spruce 

 (Tsuga canadensis), so largely used in tanning; and the wood 

 of the so-called Pencil Cedars (Juniperus virginidna and /. 

 bermudidna) are amorjg the other valuable products of the 

 Order. 



pfNUS SVLV^STRIS {Scois Fir). 



1. PfNUS. — Cone woody ; scales ^gexsisient. 



2. Juniperus. — Cone fleshy, berry-like. 



I. PiNUS (Pine). — Evergreen trees with leaves of two kinds, 

 spirally arranged, scale-leaves on the long shoots, and needle- 

 shaped leaves in clusters of 2, 3, or 5 on short shoots ; -flowers 

 moncecious ; staminate cones in spikes ; stamens 2-chambered ; 

 pollen-grains with two air-bladders; cone-scales becoming woody 

 and terminating above in a rhomboid mass (apophysis) with a 

 deciduous point, persistent ; ovides 2, inverted at the base of each 

 scale. (Name, the Classical Latin name.) 

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