20 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



1 to 2 inches long, with short branches on all sides, towards the base, 

 and glomerules towards the apex. Flowers all 5-merous. Fruit fall- 

 ing very readily out of the calyx segments, black, strongly shagreened, 

 and separating with difficulty from the pericaq), about the size of that 

 of C. album. Plant green, slightly shining, the under side of the leaves, 

 branches, and calyx mealy when young, but losing the greater part of 

 the meal when mature ; stem striped with green and dull red or white. 

 The vurs. a and (d present considerable difference in appearance, 

 but Koch says he has proved them to be the same by cultivation, and 

 it is often difficult to say to which type particular forms ought to be 

 referred ; the state with entire leaves I have only once met with, on 

 the mud dredged from the Thames and laid on Battersea fields during 

 the formation of Battersea Park. 



Upright Goose/oof. 

 French, Anserine de ville. German, Steifer Gdnsefuss. 



Section II.— PSEUDO-BLITUM. Gren. and Godr. 



Annuals, rarely perennials. Lateral flowers, often 3-merous or 

 4-merous; the terminal ones commonly 5-merous. Stigmas short or 

 rarely elongated. Seeds of the lateral flowers vertical, of the terminal 

 ones horizontal. 



SPECIES VIII— CHENO PODIUM RUB RUM. Linn. 



Plates MCXCVI. MCXCVII. 



BHtum rubrum, Beich. Fl. Germ. Excurs. p. 582. Moq.-Tand.mD.G. Prod. Vol. XIII. 

 Part II. p. 83. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 698. Fries, Summ. Veg. 

 Scand, p. 34. 



Annual. Stem erect or decumbent, simple or branched, especially at 

 the base. Leaves triangular or rhombic-triangular or rhombic deltoid, 

 irregularly inciso-dentate or -serrate or entire ; the upper ones much 

 narrower, smaller, entire, or serrate. Flowers in rather large glome- 

 rules, arranged in terminal and lateral ascending lax or dense slightly 

 compound spikes, which are leafy, at least towards the base, or rarely 

 leafless ; spikes combined into a pyramidal lax or dense panicle, leafy 

 throughout or only at the base. Calyx segments not keeled on the back, 

 wholly covermg the fruit (except in the flowers with horizontal seeds), 

 with narrow scarious margins. Stigmas short. Seeds nearly all vertical, 

 very minute, only the terminal one of the spikes sometimes horizontal ; 

 the vertical ones very small, not keeled, shining, very finely shagreened ; 

 the horizontal ones larger, but in other respects similar. Stem and 

 leaves shining, and, as well as the calyx, destitute of white meal. 



