214 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



ovate-cordate, acute. Catkins opening at the same time as the leaf- 

 buds, on short lateral branches, with 2 or 3 leaves at the base, sub- 

 erect, cylindrical, rather thick, dense. Catkin-scales lanceolate-strap- 

 shaped or ovate-strapshaped, pilose with very long white hairs inside 

 and shorter ones outside. Male flowers unknown (?). Capsule 

 ovate-conical, glabrous (pubescent in continental specimens), on a 

 stalk about twice as long as the nectary; style elongated; stigmas 

 shorter than the style, bifid, divaricate. Young branches and young 

 leaves more or less pubescent. 



By the banks of rivers and in osier grounds. Rare, and perhaps 

 not native. Near Lewes, Sussex, Mr. Woolgar, confirmed by Borrer; 

 Surrey side of the Thames, Mr. Baker; Audley End, Essex, Rev. J. E. 

 Leefe; Otley, N.E. Yorkshire, Mr. Baker. In Scotland it is reported 

 from Forfarshire by Don. In Ireland it occurs in the north, especially 

 about Coleraine, but only where planted. 



England, [Scotland, Ireland.] Tree. Late Spring. 



A small tree, casting its bark annually, like S. triandra, with, shortly 

 stalked subcoriaceous leaves, 3 to 5 inches long by ^ to 1 inch wide, 

 sometimes undulated at the margins. It is doubtful if the male 

 flowers of this plant be known, as Andersson considers that the sup- 

 posed sterile catkins described by Ehrhart belonged to S. triandra. 

 Grenier describes the male flowers as diandrous. The female catkins 

 are about 1 inch long while in flower, with yellow silky scales, variable 

 in shape, much shorter than the ovary, with very long hairs towards 

 the apex, often equalling or exceeding the style. Ovary green or 

 olive, smooth and glabrous, at least in all the British specimens. 



S. undulata is generally admitted to be a hybrid, of which one of 

 the parents is S. triandra. Wimmer considers the other to be S. alba, 

 but Andersson now, and Wimmer formerly, considered S. viminalis to 

 be the other parent, which to me seems much more probable. In 

 either case its affinities are greatest with S. triandra, from which it is 

 readily known by its villous catkin-scales, shorter stalked capsules, 

 and elongated style. The stipules are also smaller and more acute. 

 The catkins bear considerable resemblance to those of S. viminalis, 

 which, however, it does not resemble in either its foliage or stipules. 

 It is in the leaves that it differs from the plant now considered by 

 Wimmer as S. triandra-viminalis, including S. moUissima of Ehrhart 

 and S. hippophaifolia, Thuillier^ and S. Trevirani, Sprengel.^ which in 

 foliage show a much closer approach to S. viminalis, but it seems to 

 me the whole of these and S. undulata are a series of hybrids between 

 S. triandra and S. viminalis. 



Sharp-stipided Triandrous Willow, 

 French, Saule olivdtrc, German, WellcnhldttriQe Weide, 



