conifer;e. 263 



is an alpine species, which cannot liave been native, iC liidoed it were 

 ever found in any of the localities mentioned. 



SALIX RETUSA. Linn. 



Of the variety serpyllifolia of tliis plant, Fries states, tliat "heautifid 

 specimens of the var. serpyllifolia are in Ilornimann's herbarium." 

 Mant. i. 76. S. retusa is also said to have been found on lien Lawers, 

 but on the utterly unreliable authority of Dickson: Dickson, in liis 

 " Fasciculus," published garden specimens of Trichoncma liulbocodiinu 

 to represent the Jersey T. Columnae, also cultivated specimens of 

 Echium Italicum to represent the Jersey E. plantaoineum. 



Sub-Class VI.— GYMNOSPERMiE. 



Perianth none. Ovules naked, at least at the time of fluwcriii^z", 

 fertilised by the pollen falling directly on the ovule; ovules containing 

 secondary embryo sacs (corpuscula\ enclosed in tlie primary one, and 

 with numerous embryos, only one of which, however, becomes fully 

 developed. 



ORDER LXXIIL— CONIFERS. 



Trees or shrubs, with the stem increasing by regular annual layers, 

 destitute of ducts, and composed of woody cells marked on the sides 

 with circular disks which have a central dot. Leaves scattered or 

 opposite or in fascicles, generally acicular, rarely expanded and flat, in 

 the latter case with the veins parallel. Flowers in catkins, monojcious 

 or dioecious, destitute of perianth ; the female catkins in fruit forming 

 a strobile or cone, with woody scales, or a pulpy berrylike galbulus, 

 with the scales coherent and fleshy, more rarely with the seed naked, 

 surrounded at the base by a fleshy cupshapcd arillus. Seed albu- 

 minous. 



Sub-Order I.— ABIETINEiE. 



Male flowers in catkins. Female flowers in a catkin, usually nume- 

 rous, placed upon scales in the axils of bracts. Apex or opening of 

 the ovules turned downwards. Fruit consisting of a cone, with woody 

 or somewhat leathery scales. 



