THE AMERICAN BISONS. 95 
about eighty miles distant from Augusta.”* Again, in speaking of the 
middle region of the Carolinas, he says: “The buffalo (Urus), once so 
very numerous, is not at this date [1773] to be seen in this part of the 
country.” F 
Hewit, also, in his “Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of the 
Colonies of South Carolina,” published originally in London in 1779, thus refers 
to the buffalo in enumerating the natural productions of “Carolina,” in his 
description of its condition about the year 1674: “Numbers of deer, timor- 
ous and wild, ranged through the trees, and herds of buffaloes were found 
grazing in the savannas.”{ Keating also says, on the authority of Col- 
houn: “And we know that some of those who first settled the Abbeville 
district in South Carolina, in 1756, found the buffalo there.” 
Further evidence of the existence of the buffalo in the western parts of 
North and South Carolina is furnished by maps of these States, prepared 
about 1771 — 1775,|| on which a tributary of Coldwater River, in what is now 
Cabarrus County, North Carolina, is called Buffalo Creek ; while two of the 
upper tributaries of the Broad River bear the names respectively of Buffalo 
Creek and Bullock Creek. In South Carolina, on the sources of the Saluda 
River, in the present County of Abbeville, a swamp is laid down as Buffalo 
Swamp. I fail to find, however, any of these names preserved on recent maps. 
Peter Kalm, in his “ Travels in North America,” under date of November, 
1748, also thus alludes to their existence “in Carolina.” “The wild oxen 
have their abode principally in the woods of Carolina, which are far up in the 
country. The inhabitants frequently hunt them and salt them like common 
beef, which is eaten by servants and the lower class of people. But the hide 
is of little use, having too large pores to be made use of for shoes. How- 
ever, the poorer people in Carohna spread their hides on the ground instead 
of beds.” | Again he speaks of “the wild Cows and Ozxen . . . . which are 
to be met with in Carolina, and other provinces to the south of Pennsylvania. 
.... This American species of oxen,” he says, “is Linnceus’s Bos Bison, B.”** 
* Travels through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, etc., 1773 — 75, pp. 35, 46. 
+ Ibid, p. 46. : 
t Carroll’s Hist. Coll. S Car., Vol. I, p. 78. 
§ Long’s Expedition to the Source of the St. Peter’s River, etc., 1823, Vol. II, p. 26. 
|| A map of North and South Carolina. Accurately compiled from the old maps of James Cook, pub- 
lished in 1771, and of Henry Mouzon, in 1775. Carroll’s Hist. Coll. South Carolina, 1836, Vol. I. 
{ Travels into North America, Forster’s Translation, Vol. I, p. 287. 
** Thid., Vol. I, p. 207. 
