21 
Ammonites aré known in it, and the shells which are 
exclusively marine, are not numerous nor well preserved, 
being usually in the form of casts.* There are a consider- 
able number of small corals, too imperfect to be specifically 
determined, which belong to the genus Montlivaltia. Until 
quite lately the Lias terminated with the Red Marls of the 
New Red Sandstone, but now all the strata intervening 
between the white Lias, and the latter will come within 
the ‘ Rhetic series’ of the Trias. In Warwickshire they 
are rarely exposed, and then much reduced in bulk. They 
may be seen to a limited extent below the white Lias in 
the railway cutting at Harbury, where a band of yellowish 
sandstone contains the small bivalved crustzcean Estheria 
minuta; and also, at the small outlier of Brown’s wood, 
and at Stooper’s wood, near Wootton Wawen, where this 
sandstone occurs with inferior shelly limestones and sandy 
bands, containing the usual Rheetic fossils, e. g., Cardium 
Rheticum, Avicula contorta, Pleurophorus, elongatus, 
Pecten Valonensis, and Pullastra arenicola. Below these 
are black shales, which in Gloucestershire and Som- 
ersetshire, contain a pyritious stone full of rolled bones 
and teeth of Saurians and fishes, termed from this 
fact the bone bed. My lamented friend, Hugh Strickland, 
discovered this bed near Binton, and I have observed the 
black shales and yellow sandstone, their furthest northern 
limit in this county, though without the bone bed, contain-— 
ing the Pullastra arenicola, a shell which marks the zone 
overlying the Upper Red Marl at Knowle. The largest 
outlier about a mile-and-a-half long by half-a-mile broad, 
may be observed at Copt Heath, near this village, where 
shales containing Ammonites planorbis, and associated 
limestones belonging to the lower Lias were formerly 
* Ostrea intusstriata and one or two species of Avicula (Monotis) occur in the 
white Lias, though not confined to it. 
